HémiparésieUne hémiparésie est un terme médical utilisé pour désigner une parésie du côté droit ou gauche du corps, le plus souvent dans le contexte d'une affection neurologique. Il s'agit d'un handicap moteur sequelaire souvent dû à un accident vasculaire cérébral, ou d'un avc lors de la grossesse ou durant l'enfance, entrainant la paralysie partielle d'un hémicorps et plus ou moins accentué sur certains membres (bras en retrait, jambe boutante).
Chute (traumatologie)La chute, pour un individu donné, est un phénomène caractérisé par un mouvement involontaire de l'ensemble du corps vers le sol, sous l'effet de la pesanteur. On distingue : la chute de sa hauteur, la personne tombe sur le sol où elle se tenait debout ou assise, par exemple elle trébuche, glisse ou s'effondre sous l'effet d'un malaise, d'une perte de conscience ; la chute d'un lieu élevé : l'endroit est sur plusieurs niveaux, et la personne tombe d'un niveau vers un niveau inférieur ; la chute par projection, par exemple lors d'un trajet en deux-roues (vélo, moto.
American Board of Psychiatry and NeurologyThe American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. (ABPN) is a not-for-profit corporation that was founded in 1934 following conferences of committees appointed by the American Psychiatric Association, the American Neurological Association, and the then "Section on Nervous and Mental Diseases" of the American Medical Association. This action was taken as a method of identifying qualified specialists in psychiatry and neurology. The ABPN is one of 24 member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties.
Neurologie comportementaleLa neurologie comportementale est une branche de la neurologie qui fait le lien entre les neurosciences et les comportements. La corrélation se fait en étudiant notamment les troubles occasionnés par différentes aphasies (perte d'une fonction cérébrale), mais aussi l'étude de particularités psychiques dont on identifie à la fois les effets et les potentielles causes cérébrales (dyslexies, épilepsie, AVC, négligence spatiale unilatérale, traumatisme crânien).
Contusion pulmonaireA pulmonary contusion, also known as lung contusion, is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma. As a result of damage to capillaries, blood and other fluids accumulate in the lung tissue. The excess fluid interferes with gas exchange, potentially leading to inadequate oxygen levels (hypoxia). Unlike pulmonary laceration, another type of lung injury, pulmonary contusion does not involve a cut or tear of the lung tissue. A pulmonary contusion is usually caused directly by blunt trauma but can also result from explosion injuries or a shock wave associated with penetrating trauma.
Rehabilitation psychologyRehabilitation psychology is a specialty area of psychology aimed at maximizing the independence, functional status, health, and social participation of individuals with disabilities and chronic health conditions. Assessment and treatment may include the following areas: psychosocial, cognitive, behavioral, and functional status, self-esteem, coping skills, and quality of life. As the conditions experienced by patients vary widely, rehabilitation psychologists offer individualized treatment approaches.
Facial traumaFacial trauma, also called maxillofacial trauma, is any physical trauma to the face. Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injuries such as burns, lacerations and bruises, or fractures of the facial bones such as nasal fractures and fractures of the jaw, as well as trauma such as eye injuries. Symptoms are specific to the type of injury; for example, fractures may involve pain, swelling, loss of function, or changes in the shape of facial structures.
GlioseGliosis is a nonspecific reactive change of glial cells in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS). In most cases, gliosis involves the proliferation or hypertrophy of several different types of glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. In its most extreme form, the proliferation associated with gliosis leads to the formation of a glial scar. The process of gliosis involves a series of cellular and molecular events that occur over several days.
Induced comaAn induced coma also known as a medically induced coma (MIC), barbiturate-induced coma, or drug-induced coma is a temporary coma (a deep state of unconsciousness) brought on by a controlled dose of an anesthetic drug, often a barbiturate such as pentobarbital or thiopental. Other intravenous anesthetic drugs such as midazolam or propofol may be used. Drug-induced comas are used to protect the brain during major neurosurgery, as a last line of treatment in certain cases of status epilepticus that have not responded to other treatments, and in refractory intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury.
