Concept

Film stock

Résumé
Film stock is an analog medium that is used for recording motion pictures or animation. It is recorded on by a movie camera, developed, edited, and projected onto a screen using a movie projector. It is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast and of the film. The emulsion will gradually darken if left exposed to light, but the process is too slow and incomplete to be of any practical use. Instead, a very short exposure to the image formed by a camera lens is used to produce only a very slight chemical change, proportional to the amount of light absorbed by each crystal. This creates an invisible in the emulsion, which can be chemically developed into a visible photograph. In addition to visible light, all films are sensitive to X-rays and high-energy particles. Most are at least slightly sensitive to invisible ultraviolet (UV) light. Some special-purpose films are sensitive into the infrared (IR) region of the spectrum. In black-and-white photographic film there is usually one layer of silver salts. When the exposed grains are developed, the silver salts are converted to metallic silver, which blocks light and appears as the black part of the film negative. Color film has at least three sensitive layers. Dyes, which adsorb to the surface of the silver salts, make the crystals sensitive to different colors. Typically the blue-sensitive layer is on top, followed by the green and red layers. During development, the exposed silver salts are converted to metallic silver, just as with black-and-white film. But in a color film, the by-products of the development reaction simultaneously combine with chemicals known as color couplers that are included either in the film itself or in the developer solution to form colored dyes.
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Concepts associés (43)
Film (cinéma)
vignette|Alexandre Dovjenko en train de réaliser un film. Un film est une œuvre du cinéma ou de l'audiovisuel, qu'elle soit produite ou reproduite sur support argentique ou sur tout autre support existant (vidéo, numérique). Ce terme (qui vient de l'anglais film qui signifie « couche », « voile ») est employé par métonymie, en référence à la pellicule chargée dans un magasin de caméra argentique, destinée aux prises de vues cinématographiques.
Film stock
Film stock is an analog medium that is used for recording motion pictures or animation. It is recorded on by a movie camera, developed, edited, and projected onto a screen using a movie projector. It is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast and of the film.
Caméra argentique
Une caméra argentique est un appareil de prise de vues cinématographique (caméra) qui enregistre les photogrammes (images) des plans d'un film sur une pellicule photographique. Son utilisation était limitée aux domaines du cinéma et de la télévision. Elle est aujourd'hui supplantée par les caméras numériques et entrée dans le domaine muséologique. Le terme caméra est issu du latin camera qui signifie « chambre » en français. La camera obscura (« chambre noire ») est un dispositif optique, connu depuis l'Antiquité, qui permet la formation d'une image inversée d'une scène.
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