Concept
Coefficient de Fresnel
Concepts associés (25)
Brillant et mat
vignette|Tissu brillant : satin. Le brillant et le mat sont des caractéristiques opposées d'une couleur, que la colorimétrie mesure par la différence entre la réflexion diffuse et la réflexion spéculaire d'une surface. La lumière se reflète dans une couleur brillante, alors que l'aspect d'une couleur idéalement mate est identique dans toutes les directions d'observation et de lumière. Les peintures prévues pour la décoration se vendent en qualité mate ou brillante. En jargon professionnel, on parle de gloss.
Reflection coefficient
In physics and electrical engineering the reflection coefficient is a parameter that describes how much of a wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity in the transmission medium. It is equal to the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave to the incident wave, with each expressed as phasors. For example, it is used in optics to calculate the amount of light that is reflected from a surface with a different index of refraction, such as a glass surface, or in an electrical transmission line to calculate how much of the electromagnetic wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity.
Angle d'incidence (optique)
vignette|Schéma indiquant l'angle d'incidence : Θ est l'angle d'incidence du rayon incident en rouge sur le milieu de couleur verte.|222x222px L’angle d’incidence en optique et plus généralement en mécanique ondulatoire est l'angle entre la direction de propagation de l'onde incidente et la normale au dioptre ou à l'interface considérée. Le rayonnement incident peut être par exemple de type lumineux, acoustique, sismique, X, etc.
Thin-film optics
Thin-film optics is the branch of optics that deals with very thin structured layers of different materials. In order to exhibit thin-film optics, the thickness of the layers of material must be similar to the coherence length; for visible light it is most often observed between 200 and 1000 nm of thickness. Layers at this scale can have remarkable reflective properties due to light wave interference and the difference in refractive index between the layers, the air, and the substrate.
Elliptical polarization
In electrodynamics, elliptical polarization is the polarization of electromagnetic radiation such that the tip of the electric field vector describes an ellipse in any fixed plane intersecting, and normal to, the direction of propagation. An elliptically polarized wave may be resolved into two linearly polarized waves in phase quadrature, with their polarization planes at right angles to each other. Since the electric field can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise as it propagates, elliptically polarized waves exhibit chirality.