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Concept
Langage de contrôle de données
Résumé
A data control language (DCL) is a syntax similar to a computer programming language used to control access to data stored in a database (authorization). In particular, it is a component of Structured Query Language (SQL). Data Control Language is one of the logical group in SQL Commands. SQL is the standard language for relational database management systems. SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as insert data to a database, delete or update data in a database, or retrieve data from a database.
Though database systems use SQL, they also have their own additional proprietary extensions that are usually only used on their system. For Example Microsoft SQL server uses Transact-SQL (T-SQL) which is an extension of SQL. Similarly Oracle uses PL-SQL which is their proprietary extension for them only. However, the standard SQL commands such as "Select", "Insert", "Update", "Delete", "Create", and "Drop" can be used to accomplish almost everything that one needs to do with a database.
Examples of DCL commands include:
GRANT to allow specified users to perform specified tasks.
REVOKE to remove the user accessibility to database object.
The operations for which privileges may be granted to or revoked from a user or role apply to both the Data definition language (DDL) and the Data manipulation language (DML), and may include CONNECT, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, EXECUTE, and USAGE.
As per Microsoft SQL Server there are four groups of SQL Commands.
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
Data Definition Language (DDL)
Data Control Language (DCL)
Transaction Control Language (TCL)
DCL commands are used for access control and permission management for users in the database. With them we can easily allow or deny some actions for users on the tables or records (row level security).
DCL commands are:
GRANT We can give certain permissions for the table (and other objects) for specified groups/users of a database.
DENY bans certain permissions from groups/users.
REVOKE this command takes away permissions from groups/users.
Source officielle
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