HéracléonHéracléon est un homme du , considéré comme hérétique pour avoir adopté le système de Valentin. Il y apporta en réalité quelques changements, et travailla en particulier à ajuster la doctrine de l'Évangile à ce système. Il fit de nombreux commentaires sur les Évangiles de Saint Jean et de Saint Luc en faisant des explications allégoriques à destination des chrétiens pour qu'ils adoptent la doctrine de Valentin. Il forma la secte des Héracléonites, qui soutenaient que Saint Jean était véritablement la voix qui avait annoncé le Sauveur, .
ZostrianosZostrianos is a Sethian Gnostic text. It is the first tractate of two in Codex VIII of the Nag Hammadi library. It takes up 132 of the 140 pages in the codex, making Zostrianos the longest tractate of the entire library. However the text is extensively damaged, especially in the center, making the document difficult to fully understand. The Coptic manuscript is a translation of a Greek original, likely written in Alexandria in c. 200 AD. In the text, Zostrianos goes on a heavenly journey and receives divine knowledge from the aeons.
AllogenesAllogenes is a series of Gnostic texts. The main character in these texts is Allogenes (Greek: ἀλλογενής), which translates as 'stranger,' 'foreigner,' or 'of another race.' The first text discovered was Allogenes as the third tractate in Codex XI of the Nag Hammadi library. The Coptic manuscript is a translation of a Greek original, likely written in Alexandria before 300 AD. In this text, containing Middle Platonic or Neoplatonic elements, Allogenes receives divine revelations.
Ascension d'Isaïevignette|Martyre d'Isaiah, miniature de la Bible du monastère de Santa Maria d'Alcobaça, Portugal (années 1220) L’Ascension d’Isaïe est un apocryphe chrétien de type apocalyptique datant du début du et probablement composé en Syrie dans une communauté chrétienne charismatique d'inspiration docète. Composé de deux parties, il retrace d'abord le martyre du prophète Isaïe et décrit ensuite les visions célestes du prophète.
Actes de ThomasLes Actes de Thomas sont un texte chrétien antique relatant les voyages missionnaires de l'apôtre Thomas dans une partie de sa prédication au royaume indo-parthe du Taxila. Il s'agit d'un apocryphe qui relate la vie du disciple du Christ, Thomas, à partir du moment où, les apôtres s'étant partagé les contrées à évangéliser par tirage au sort, il lui échut l'Inde. Il y gagnera la confiance du roi Goudnaphar (Gondopharès ) et y accomplira de nombreux prodiges. Le récit se termine par son martyre, décidé par le roi Mazdaï, suivi d'une apparition posthume.
ArchonticsThe Archontics, or Archontici, were a Gnostic sect that existed in Palestine, Syria and Armenia, who arose towards the mid 4th century CE. They were thus called from the Greek word ἄρχοντες, "principalities", or "rulers", by reason that they held the world to have been created and ruled by malevolent Archons. Epiphanius of Salamis seems to be the earliest Christian writer who speaks of this sect. He relates that a young priest in Palestine named Peter had been charged with heresy, deposed from the office of the priesthood and expelled by Bishop Aëtius.
Apocalypse d'AdamThe Apocalypse of Adam is a Sethian Gnostic apocalyptic writing. It is the fifth tractate in Codex V of the Nag Hammadi library, transcribed in Coptic. The date of the original work has been a point of scholarly contention because the writing lacks Christian themes and other explicit allusions. Thus, the Gnostic redeemer in the text may have been pre-Christian and influenced later New Testament writings. The text provides an interpretation of the Genesis account of creation, describes the descent of a heavenly illuminator of knowledge, and ends with an apocalyptic prophecy.
ElkasaïtesLes elkasaïtes, elcésaïtes ou elcésaïens sont les membres d'un mouvement religieux judéo-chrétien baptiste et syncrétique de tendance gnostique qui relève aussi bien du judaïsme en général que, par certains aspects, du christianisme. Ce nom vient de leur fondateur supposé, nommé « Êlkhasaí » (Ἠλχασαΐ) par Hippolyte, « Elksai » (Ἠλξαί) par Épiphane, et « Elkesai » (Ἐλκεσαΐ) par Eusèbe et Théodoret. Ce mouvement est documenté de manière indirecte à partir du et ce jusqu'au , mais le caractère indirect, partial et parcellaire des sources rend difficile son approche.
AbaturAbatur (, sometimes called Abathur; Yawar, ; and the Ancient of Days) is an Uthra and the second of three subservient emanations created by the Mandaean God Hayyi Rabbi (, “The Great Living God”) in the Mandaean religion. His name translates as the “father of the Uthras”, the Mandaean name for angels or guardians. His usual epithet is the Ancient (Atiga) and he is also called the deeply hidden and guarded. He is described as being the son of the first emanation, or Yoshamin (). He is also described as being the angel of Polaris.
PtahilIn Mandaeism, Ptahil () also known as Ptahil-Uthra (uthra = angel or guardian), is the Fourth Life, the third of three emanations from the First Life, Hayyi Rabbi, after Yushamin and Abatur. Ptahil-Uthra alone does not constitute the demiurge but only fills that role since he is viewed as the creator of the material world in the Ginza Rabba, often holding an inherently malicious character. Matthias Norberg believed the name Ptahil to be composed of Aramaic פתאה and עיל, therefore meaning "God opened", although the verb can also mean "create" in Mandaic, but not in other Aramaic languages.
