Tendinopathie de la coiffe des rotateurs

Résumé

La tendinopathie ou tendinite de la coiffe des rotateurs est une maladie touchant l'épaule. Aussi appelée épaule douloureuse simple, la TCR correspond à l'apparition de tendinites des muscles de la coiffe des rotateurs. Ces tendinites peuvent être d'origine mécanique ou dégénérative, et peuvent provenir d'un surmenage (hypersollicitation de l'épaule). Les symptômes sont proches en cas d'atteinte des muscles eux-mêmes ou de la bourse sous-acromiale (bursite). Épidémiologie C'est la cause la plus fréquente des douleurs de l'épaule et son incidence augmente avec l'âge. L'atteinte bilatérale est fréquente. Symptômes Elle se caractérise par une douleur à la mobilisation de l'épaule. En cas de rupture tendineuse, il existe une impossibilité de faire certains mouvements. Examen clinique L'abduction active du bras est douloureuse, en particulier lorsqu'elle atteint 60° par rapport à l'axe du corps, mais cela ne préjuge pas de quel tendon est atteint. L

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendinopathie_de_la_coiffe_des_rotateurs

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This course presents today research questions and methods associated to the musculoskeletal system, its pathologies, and treatment.

Introduction à la mécanique des fluides, à l'électromagnétisme et aux phénomènes ondulatoires

The topics covered by the course are concepts of fluid mechanics, waves, and electromagnetism.

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Fiber distribution in a 3D FEM Model of the Supraspinatus Tendon

Romy Alexandra Hasler

The supraspinatus tendon is often involved in rotator cu↵ tears. The pathogenesis of such tears is not well known and can be multicausal (mechanical, inflammatory, ...). The idea of this project was to analyse the mechanical contribution to rotator cuff tears with a numerical deformation analysis of the supraspinatus tendon. The tendon was simulated under tension in two conditions: an isotropic case and an anisotropic case. In the isotropic case, the tendon was simulated with the same material properties in every direction. In the anisotropic case, the tendon’s fiber were computed and the material was defined in the fiber direction and in the transverse direction. In the isotropic case, the strain was found to be higher in the two studied position (90 ̊abduction and rest position) than in the anisotropic case. In both cases (isotropic and anisotropic) the maximal strain is situated at the distal side of the tendon insertion on the humeral head. The di↵erence in the strain value is due to the fact that the isotropic material definition is averaged in all direction and therefore is softer in the fiber direction and stronger in the transverse direction. The isotropic model is herefore not very consistant with a real tendon structure. Both models are consistent with clinical observations as supraspinatus tears occur usually at the distal side of the insertion. However, for qualitative deformation analysis an anisotropic material choice is recommended.

2014

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The direction of rotator cuff muscle resultant force is associated with scapulohumeral subluxation and glenoid vault morphology in non-osteoarthritic shoulders

Matthieu Boubat, Alexandre Terrier

E M H SWISS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS LTD2022

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Evaluation of the muscular activity duration in shoulders with rotator cuff tear using inertial sensors and electromyography

Kamiar Aminian, Cyntia Duc, Alain Farron

Shoulder disorders, including rotator cuff tears, affect the shoulder function and result in adapted muscle activation. Although these adaptations have been studied in controlled conditions, free-living activities have not been investigated. Based on the kinematics measured with inertial sensors and portable electromyography, the objectives of this study were to quantify the duration of the muscular activation in the upper trapezius (UT), medial deltoid (MD) and biceps brachii (BB) during motion and to investigate the effect of rotator cuff tear in laboratory settings and daily conditions. The duration of movements and muscular activations were analysed separately and together using the relative time of activation (T-EMG/mov). Laboratory measurements showed the parameter's reliability through movement repetitions (ICC > 0.74) and differences in painful shoulders compared with healthy ones (p < 0.05): longer activation for UT; longer activation for MD during abduction and tendency to shorter activation in other movements; shorter activation for BB. In daily conditions, T-EMG/mov for UT was longer, whereas it was shorter for MD and BB (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant correlations were observed between these parameters and clinical scores. This study thus provides new insights into the rotator cuff tear effect on duration of muscular activation in daily activity.

Institute of Physics2014

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