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Clinical Proton MR Spectroscopy in Central Nervous System Disorders

Rolf Gruetter, Cristina Ramona Cudalbu

A large body of published work shows that proton (hydrogen 1 [(1)H]) magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy has evolved from a research tool into a clinical neuroimaging modality. Herein, the authors present a summary of brain disorders in which MR spectrosc ...

2014

Connexin 30 sets synaptic strength by controlling astroglial synapse invasion

Graham Knott, Nicole Déglon

Astrocytes play active roles in brain physiology by dynamic interactions with neurons. Connexin 30, one of the two main astroglial gap-junction subunits, is thought to be involved in behavioral and basic cognitive processes. However, the underlying cellula ...

Nature Publishing Group2014

Connectivity and tissue microstructural alterations in right and left temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by diffusion spectrum imaging

Jean-Philippe Thiran, Alessandro Daducci, Nicolas Kunz, Alia Lemkaddem, François Lazeyras

Focal epilepsy is increasingly recognized as the result of an altered brain network, both on the structural and functional levels and the characterization of these widespread brain alterations is crucial for our understanding of the clinical manifestation ...

2014

Advanced MRI unravels the nature of tissue alterations in early multiple sclerosis

Jean-Philippe Thiran, David Paul Roger Romascano, Djalel Eddine Meskaldji, Cristina Granziera, Gunnar Krüger, Alexis Roche, Guillaume Bonnier, Ying-Chia Lin, Gloria Menegaz

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides only limited insights into the nature of brain damage with modest clinic-radiological correlation. In this study, we applied recent advances in MRI techniques ...

2014

An Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Intracellular Sensor of Pathological Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activation for Disease-Inducible Gene Transfer

Elias Georges Gebara

Stimulation of resident cells by NF-kappa B activating cytokines is a central element of inflammatory and degenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). This disease-mediated NF-kappa B activation could be used to drive transgene expression se ...

Public Library Science2013

Whole-brain structural connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy: a Diffusion Spectrum Imaging study

Jean-Philippe Thiran, Alessandra Griffa, Alessandro Daducci, Alia Lemkaddem, François Lazeyras

Introduction: Medial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (mTLE) with hippocampal sclerosis is the most frequent cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy in adults. These patients suffer from widespread subtle white matter abnormalities and abnormal functional connectivit ...

2012

A multi-center study: Intra-scan and inter-scan variability of Diffusion Spectrum Imaging

Jean-Philippe Thiran, Alessandro Daducci, Gunnar Krüger, Alia Lemkaddem, Kieran O'Brien, François Lazeyras

The objective of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to pool together diffusion spectrum imaging data from four different scanners, located at three different sites. Two of the scanners had identical configuration whereas two did not. To m ...

Elsevier2012

Altered Glycogen Metabolism in Cultured Astrocytes from Mice with Chronic Glutathione Deficit; Relevance for Neuroenergetics in Schizophrenia

Pierre Magistretti, Igor Allaman, Kim Do, Jean-Marie Petit

Neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or Huntington's diseases and schizophrenia have been associated with a deficit in glutathione (GSH). In particular, a polymorphism in the gene of glutamate cysteine ligase modul ...

Public Library of Science2011

Diffusion Spectrum Imaging after stroke shows structural changes in the contra-lateral motor network correlating with functional recovery

Jean-Philippe Thiran, Reto Meuli, Alessandro Daducci, Djalel Eddine Meskaldji, Gunnar Krüger, Cristina Granziera, Leila Cammoun, Xavier Gigandet

There is growing interest in understanding the role of the non-injured contra-lateral hemisphere in stroke recovery. In the experimental field, histological evidence has been reported that structural changes occur in the contra-lateral connectivity and cir ...

2011

GDNF secreting human neural progenitor cells protect dying motor neurons, but not their projection to muscle, in a rat model of familial ALS

Patrick Aebischer

BACKGROUND: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by rapid loss of muscle control and eventual paralysis due to the death of large motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Growth factors such ...

Public Library of Science2007

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