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Concept

Impression 3D

Résumé

alt=Une grenouille en plastique bleue est en cours de construction par une imprimante 3D|vignette|Objet imprimé en 3D par une Ultimaker 2 Go vignette|Imprimante 3D dans un fab lab béninois.L'impression 3D ou fabrication additive regroupe les procédés de fabrication permettant de créer des pièces en volume par ajout de matière en couches successives. Elle s'oppose à la fabrication soustractive. Cette famille de procédés a commencé à se développer au début des années 1980 avec pour objectif principal de faciliter le prototypage rapide, puisque le coût de production est pratiquement indépendant de la quantité produite. Les applications de l'impression 3D sont multiples. D'abord cantonnée au prototypage et aux visualisations pour l'architecture ou les études de design, elle se développe ensuite dans le domaine de l'appareillage et la prothèse. Les évolutions technologiques successives en ont fait une technologie plus mature qui est aujourd'hui utilisée dans des domaines aussi variés que l

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impression_3D

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Publications associées (100)

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Personnes associées (48)

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Unités associées (27)

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Concepts associés (88)

Le dépôt de fil fondu (DFF) ou Fused deposition modeling (FDM) ou encore Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) est une technologie d'impression 3D. On appelle aussi ce procédé impression 3D par extrusion d

vignette La conception assistée par ordinateur ou CAO (en anglais, computer aided design ou CAD) comprend l'ensemble des logiciels et des techniques de modélisation géométrique permettant de concevoi

La modélisation tridimensionnelle est l'étape en infographie tridimensionnelle qui consiste à créer, dans un logiciel de modélisation 3D, un objet en trois dimensions, par ajout, soustraction et modif

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Cours associés (122)

Optical aspects of 3D printing technology. This includes optical systems for scanning and excitation, photopolymers, glass and other photoactive materials, and optical components fabricated with 3D printing technology.

Advanced 3D forming techniques for high throughput and high resolution (nanometric) for large scale production. Digital manufacturing of functional layers, microsystems and smart systems.

Space environment is different from what we can experience on Earth, requiring specific design approaches in order to achieve reliable operations. Engineers must hence face new challenges stimulating their creativity to tackle those particular constraints.

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Séances de cours associées (341)

Séances de cours associées

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3D printing of elastomeric mechanical sensors designed for human motion monitoring

Ryan Mitchell van Dommelen

In this thesis several advances are made to the emerging field of 3D printed mechanical sensors. Techniques and processes were developed to enable the integration of highly conductive, and capacitive and piezoresistive sensing features embedded within 3D printed elastomeric materials. With these technologies we enabled the fabrication of fully 3D printed piezoresistive and capacitive sensors for normal force, shear forces and angular bending sensing.Integrating highly electrically conductive flexible silver films (

EPFL2022

Chargement

This research validates the viability of a recycling and reusing process for end-of-life glass fiber reinforced wind turbine blades. Short glass fibers from scrap turbine blades are reclaimed and mixed with polylactic acid (PLA) through a double extrusion process to produce composite feedstock with recycled glass fibers for fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing. Reinforced filaments with different fiber contents, as high as 25% by weight, are extruded and used to 3D print tensile specimens per ASTM D638-14. For 25 wt% reinforcement, the samples showed up to 74% increase in specific stiffness compared to pure PLA samples, while there was a reduction of 42% and 65% in specific tensile strength and failure strain, respectively. To capture the level of impregnation of the non-pyrolyzed recycled fibers and PLA, samples made from reinforced filaments with virgin and recycled fibers are fabricated and assessed in terms of mechanical properties and interface. For the composite specimens out of reinforced PLA with recycled glass fibers, it was found that the specific modulus and tensile strength are respectively 18% and 19% higher than those of samples reinforced with virgin glass fibers. The cause for this observation is mainly attributed to the fact that the surface of recycled fibers is partially covered with epoxy particles, a phenomenon that allows for favorable interactions between the molecules of PLA and epoxy, thus improving the interface bonding between the fibers and PLA.

2019

Chargement

Additive Fabrication of Silicon Pillars on Monocrystalline Silicon by Direct Laser Melting

Marie Camille Laëtitia Le Dantec

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an emerging part production technology that offers many ad-vantages such as high degree of customization, material savings and design of 3D highly complex structures. However, AM is a complex multiphysics process. Therefore, only a limited number of materials can already be commercially used to produce parts and a handful of others are being studied or developed for such process. Consequently, limited knowledge on this process is available, especially concerning materials that present thermomechanical challenges such as brittle materials. The present research focuses on additive fabrication of silicon pillars on a monocrystalline silicon wafer by Direct Laser Melting (DLM) with a pulsed 1064 nm laser beam. The simple geometry of pillars allowed for the first determining steps into process understanding. Several results were achieved through this PhD work. First, crack-free silicon pillars were successfully built onto monocrystalline silicon wafers. With the help of in-situ process monitoring and sample characterization, wafer substrate temperature and laser repetition rate were found to be the main influential parameters to obtain crack-free samples, as minimum substrate temperature of 730°C and a minimum repetition rate of 100 Hz were necessary to reach this goal (for a feed rate of 15 g/min and a pulse duration of 1 ms). The influence of secondary process parameters such as feed rate and energy per pulse were also discussed. A simple Finite Element Modeling (FEM) model validated by the experiments was used to explain crack propagation in the samples. Then, process monitoring of the DLM process was realized. High-speed camera image analysis re-vealed that vertical stage speed and powder feed rate should match to obtain a constant pillar building rate. As all pillars presented necking at their base, estimations of the thermal characteristics of the pillar during growth were carried out by FEM simulations. They were additionally used to explain the pillar final shape. Finally, the microstructure of the pillars built was characterized by the Electron Back-Scattering Dif-fraction (EBSD) technique. In the conditions presented in this work, the microstructure of the pillar was found to be in the columnar growth mode. The feed rate was identified as the most influential parameter on the microstructure, followed by the stage speed, the impurity content of the powder and the crystallographic orientation of the substrate. Epitaxial growth was achieved on more than 1 mm with a feed rate of 1.0 g/min, a stage speed of 0.1 mm/s, a powder with purity of 4N and a oriented wafer substrate. This work could be further continued by making improvements to the DLM setup, studying the influence of additional process parameters on the thermomechanical behavior and the microstructure control of the pillars, and/or using these results to realize more complicated shapes, either with this setup or by using a powder bed technique.

EPFL2018

Chargement

Additive Fabrication of Silicon Pillars on Monocrystalline Silicon by Direct Laser Melting

Marie Camille Laëtitia Le Dantec

EPFL2018