Investisseur institutionnel | EPFL Graph Search

Les investisseurs institutionnels sont des organismes collecteurs d’épargne dont les engagements et/ou les actifs sont régis par un texte législatif ou réglementaire. Les rendements tirés de leurs investissements leur permettent de couvrir leurs engagements à moyen ou long terme. La particularité des investisseurs institutionnels réside dans le fait qu’ils ne disposent pas directement des capitaux qu’ils investissent, ils agissent pour le compte des ayants droit souscrivant à leurs contrats. Par conséquent, la gestion des actifs est particulièrement réglementée, elle est institutionnalisée. Ces investisseurs se distinguent donc des entreprises (financières ou non financières) qui peuvent détenir pour leur propre compte différents types d’actifs financiers à titre d’investissement ou de placement. Les actifs gérés par les investisseurs institutionnels sont généralement très importants (de l’ordre du milliard d’euros), d’où leur surnom de « grands investisseurs ». Une association r

Les mathématiques financières robustes, le maritime et les FFA

Jérôme Reboulleau

Powerful mathematical tools have been developed for trading in stocks and bonds, but other markets that are equally important for the globalized world have to some extent been neglected. We decided to study the shipping market as an new area of development in mathematical finance. The market in shipping derivatives (FFA and FOSVA) has only been developed after 2000 and now exhibits impressive growth. Financial actors have entered the field, but it is still largely undiscovered by institutional investors. The first part of the work was to identify the characteristics of the market in shipping, i.e. the segmentation and the volatility. Because the shipping business is old-fashioned, even the leading actors on the world stage (ship owners and banks) are using macro-economic models to forecast the rates. If the macro-economic models are logical and make sense, they fail to predict. For example, the factor port congestion has been much cited during the last few years, but it is clearly very difficult to control and is simply an indicator of traffic. From our own experience it appears that most ship owners are in fact market driven and rather bad at anticipating trends. Due to their ability to capture large moves, we chose to consider Lévy processes for the underlying price process. Compared with the macro-economic approach, the main advantage is the uniform and systematic structure this imposed on the models. We get in each case a favorable result for our technology and a gain in forecasting accuracy of around 10% depending on the maturity. The global distribution is more effectively modelled and the tails of the distribution are particularly well represented. This model can be used to forecast the market but also to evaluate the risk, for example, by computing the VaR. An important limitation is the non-robustness in the estimation of the Lévy processes. The use of robust estimators reinforces the information obtained from the observed data. Because maximum likelihood estimation is not easy to compute with complex processes, we only consider some very general robust score functions to manage the technical problems. Two new class of robust estimators are suggested. These are based on the work of F. Hampel ([29]) and P. Huber ([30]) using influence functions. The main idea is to bound the maximum likelihood score function. By doing this a bias is created in the parameters estimation, which can be corrected by using a modification of the following type and as proposed by F. Hampel. The procedure for finding a robust estimating equation is thus decomposed into two consecutive steps : Subtract the bias correction and then Bound the score function. In the case of complex Lévy processes, the bias correction is difficult to compute and generally unknown. We have developed a pragmatic solution by inverting the Hampel's procedure. Bound the score function and then Correct for the bias. The price is a loss of the theoretical properties of our estimators, besides the procedure converges to maximum likelihood estimate. A second solution to for achieving robust estimation is presented. It considers the limiting case when the upper and lower bounds tend to zero and leads to B-robust estimators. Because of the complexity of the Lévy distributions, this leads to identification problems.

EPFL2008

Institutional Investors and Mutual Fund Governance: Evidence from Retail-Institutional Fund Twins

Rüdiger Fahlenbrach

Advisors often manage multiple versions of a fund. These "twins" have the same manager and similar performance but are sold to different investors with differing abilities to select and monitor managers. Comparing investor flows in retail and institutional twins, we find that institutional investors are more sensitive to high fees and poor risk-adjusted performance. Consistent with the reduction of agency problems from greater monitoring, retail funds with an institutional twin outperform other retail funds by 1.5% per year. After the institutional twin is created, expenses decrease while measures of managerial effort at the retail fund increase.

Oxford University Press2012

Do exogenous changes in passive institutional ownership affect corporate governance and firm value?

Rüdiger Fahlenbrach

We investigate whether corporations and their executives react to an exogenous change in passive institutional ownership and alter their corporate governance structure. We find that exogenous increases in passive ownership lead to increases in CEO power and fewer new independent director appointments. Consistent with these changes not being beneficial for shareholders, we observe negative announcement returns to the appointments of new independent directors. We also show that firms carry out worse mergers and acquisitions after exogenous increases in passive ownership. These results suggest that the changed ownership structure causes higher agency costs. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Elsevier Science Sa2017

Les mathématiques financières robustes, le maritime et les FFA

Jérôme Reboulleau

EPFL2008