The importance of faecal sludge management is gaining recognition. However, methods are still lacking to reasonably estimate the quantities and qualities (Q&Q) that need to be managed, which makes the planning for and implementing of management solutions q ...
Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) was recently found to be the most abundant RNA virus in human feces, and is a plant virus belonging to the genus Tobamovirus in the family Virgoviridae. When in human feces, it is of dietary origin from peppers and their pr ...
Sanitizing human and animal waste (e.g., urine, fecal sludge or grey water) is a critical step in reducing the spread of disease and ensuring microbially safe reuse of waste materials. Viruses are particularly persistent pathogens and can be transmitted th ...
Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions are among the most significant health interventions addressing the worldwide burden of diarrheal disease and environmental enteropathy. Sanitizing human excreta and animal manure (HEAM) is a critical step in redu ...
Justification In Sub-Saharan Africa, excreta and wastewater disposal is characterised primarily by on-site sanitation systems. This sanitation option is more likely to increase as governments, municipalities, communities, private operators and donor agenci ...
The scarcity of freshwater resources is a critical problem in semi-arid zones and marginal quality water is increasingly being used in agriculture. This paper aimed at evaluating the physico-chemical and biological risks on irrigated soils and fruits of ma ...
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 6.2.1 requires household handwashing facilities to have soap and water, but there are no guidelines for handwashing water quality. In contrast, drinking water quality guidelines are defined: water must be "free ...
