Êtes-vous un étudiant de l'EPFL à la recherche d'un projet de semestre?
Travaillez avec nous sur des projets en science des données et en visualisation, et déployez votre projet sous forme d'application sur GraphSearch.
Concept
Règle de dérivation des fonctions réciproques
Résumé
In calculus, the inverse function rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the inverse of a bijective and differentiable function f in terms of the derivative of f. More precisely, if the inverse of is denoted as , where if and only if , then the inverse function rule is, in Lagrange's notation,
This formula holds in general whenever is continuous and injective on an interval I, with being differentiable at () and where. The same formula is also equivalent to the expression
where denotes the unary derivative operator (on the space of functions) and denotes function composition.
Geometrically, a function and inverse function have graphs that are reflections, in the line . This reflection operation turns the gradient of any line into its reciprocal.
Assuming that has an inverse in a neighbourhood of and that its derivative at that point is non-zero, its inverse is guaranteed to be differentiable at and have a derivative given by the above formula.
The inverse function rule may also be expressed in Leibniz's notation. As that notation suggests,
This relation is obtained by differentiating the equation in terms of x and applying the chain rule, yielding that:
considering that the derivative of x with respect to x is 1.
Let be an invertible (bijective) function, let be in the domain of , and let be in the codomain of . Since f is a bijective function, is in the range of . This also means that is in the domain of , and that is in the codomain of . Since is an invertible function, we know that . The inverse function rule can be obtained by taking the derivative of this equation.
The right side is equal to 1 and the chain rule can be applied to the left side:
Rearranging then gives
Rather than using as the variable, we can rewrite this equation using as the input for , and we get the following:
(for positive x) has inverse .
At , however, there is a problem: the graph of the square root function becomes vertical, corresponding to a horizontal tangent for the square function.
À propos de ce résultat
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.