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To limit global warming, the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables is one of the main challenges of this century. This transition will help decrease our CO2 emissions, create jobs, contribute to a broader revenues distribution, improve energy s ...
Global food security increasingly relies on the trade of food commodities. Freshwater resources are essential to agricultural production and are thus embodied in the trade of food commodities, referred to as "virtual water trade." Agricultural production p ...
We empirically show that the austerity packages implemented in some euro area countries during 2010–2014 were only partially successful in generating internal devaluations. Countries that cut spending indeed experienced a decline in nominal wages, a real e ...
We exploit differences across U.S. states' exposure to trade to study the effects of changes in the exchange rate on economic activity. Across states, trade-weighted exchange rate depreciations are associated with increased state exports, reduced state une ...
The integration of a large amount of Photovoltaic could be an issue due to the excess of power generation and the ability of the low-voltage grids to extract the energy to the upper level. Appropriate tariff structures could prevent the need for grid reinf ...
Sharing markets create mutual insurance for consumers who are unsure about their future needs for goods, thus rendering products more valuable both before and after the purchase. By embedding intelligence in their products, enabling them to sense, monitor, ...
Justification In Sub-Saharan Africa, excreta and wastewater disposal is characterised primarily by on-site sanitation systems. This sanitation option is more likely to increase as governments, municipalities, communities, private operators and donor agenci ...
Governments have strong incentives to allow their inventors to free ride on foreign technologies. They can achieve this result by discriminating against foreigners in the patent system-by refusing to grant foreigners a patent for their inventions. Internat ...
By the year 2016 every member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has to comply with its agreement on the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR), Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS or the Agreement). This implies that ...
