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L’écoconception est un terme désignant la volonté de concevoir des produits respectant les principes du développement durable et de l'environnement, en recourant , dans un contexte qui évoluerait alors vers une économie circulaire. La définition officielle qui fait foi pour l'ADEME est la suivante : À partir de celle-ci, on peut en effet décliner d'autres formulations ou déclinaisons. Selon le site du Ministère de la transition écologique, l'écoconception est une approche préventive qui prend en compte les problèmes d’environnement liés à la conception, au développement d'un produit et intègre les aspects environnementaux tout au long de son cycle de vie (de la matière première, à la fin de vie en passant par la fabrication, la logistique, la distribution et l'usage). Elle concerne tous les secteurs d

Towards Thermally-Aware Design of 3D MPSoCs with Inter-Tier Cooling

David Atienza Alonso, Navid Borhani, Yusuf Leblebici, Arvind Raj Mahankali Sridhar, Bruno Michel, Sylwia Szczukiewicz, Yüksel Temiz, John Richard Thome

Abstract—New tendencies envisage 3D Multi-Processor System-On-Chip (MPSoC) design as a promising solution to keep increasing the performance of the next-generation highperformance computing (HPC) systems. However, as the power density of HPC systems increases with the arrival of 3D MPSoCs, supplying electrical power to the computing equipment and constantly removing the generated heat is rapidly becoming the dominant cost in any HPC facility. Thus, both power and thermal/cooling implications play a major role in the design of new HPC systems, given the energy constraints in our society. Therefore, EPFL, IBM and ETHZ have been working within the CMOSAIC Nano-Tera.ch program project in the last three years on the development of a holistic thermally-aware design. This paper presents the exploration in CMOSAIC of novel cooling technologies, as well as suitable thermal modeling and system-level design methods, which are all necessary to develop 3D MPSoCs with inter-tier liquid cooling systems. As a result, we develop energy-efficient run-time thermal control strategies to achieve energy-efficient cooling mechanisms to compress almost 1 Tera nano sized functional units into one cubic centimeter with a 10 to 100 fold higher connectivity than otherwise possible. The proposed thermally-aware design paradigm includes exploring the synergies of hardware-, software- and mechanical-based thermal control techniques as a fundamental step to design 3D MPSoCs for HPC systems. More precisely, we target the use of inter-tier coolants ranging from liquid water and twophase refrigerants to novel engineered environmentally friendly nano-fluids, as well as using specifically designed micro-channel arrangements, in combination with the use of dynamic thermal management at system-level to tune the flow rate of the coolant in each micro-channel to achieve thermally-balanced 3D-ICs. Our management strategy prevents the system from surpassing the given threshold temperature while achieving up to 67% reduction in cooling energy and up to 30% reduction in system-level energy in comparison to setting the flow rate at the maximum value to handle the worst-case temperature.

ACM and IEEE Press2011

Towards Thermally-Aware Design of 3D MPSoCs with Inter-Tier Cooling

David Atienza Alonso, Navid Borhani, Yusuf Leblebici, Arvind Raj Mahankali Sridhar, Bruno Michel, Sylwia Szczukiewicz, Yüksel Temiz, John Richard Thome

ACM and IEEE Press2011