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Concept
Ratana
Résumé
The Rātana movement is a church and pan-iwi political movement founded by Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana (T. W. Ratana) in early 20th-century New Zealand. The Rātana Church (Māori: Te Haahi Rātana) has its headquarters at the settlement of Rātana Pā near Whanganui.
In 2001 the total number of New Zealand residents that were affiliated with the Rātana church was 48,975. In the 2018 New Zealand census, 43,821 people identified with the religion.
The Rātana movement began in 1918 started by T. W. Rātana with the Bible and the Treaty of Waitangi as foundations. Rātana's grandfather was Ngahina and was a signatory of the Treaty of Waitangi for the iwi, Māori nations of Ngā Wairiki and Ngāti Apa. Ngahina was a sheep and cattle station owner, Anglican and pro-government loyalist. Rātana's mother was Methodist. Impacts on Māori in 1918 included land loss, World War I and the influenza epidemic. After the epidemic Rātana became the only male heir of his grandfather. On 8 November 1918 Rātana saw a vision, which he regarded as divinely inspired, asking him to preach the gospel to the Māori people and to cure the spirits and bodies of his people.
Mere Rikiriki had an influence on Rātana and the Rātana movement. Rikiriki taught Rātana and he often consulted her. She had been at Parihaka with Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi, had established her own church in Parewanui and was a faith healer and rongoā practitioner. Rikiriki foretold the coming of a new prophet in 1912 that she confirmed was Rātana.
Te Urumanao Ngāpaki Baker was a Māori chief and supported the Rātana movement and was Rātana's wife.
Te Haahi Ratana
The Rātana Church is made up of the Ture Wairua (spiritual laws) and the Ture Tangata (physical laws). The spiritual laws are itemised as the Father, the Son, the Holy Spirit (in Maori, Te Matua, Te Tama me Te Wairua Tapu), and Ngā Anahera Pono (the Holy and Faithful Angels) and also adding Te Māngai (God's Word and Wisdom) to prayers. Its central book is the Bible, although the Blue Book, written in Māori and containing prayers and hymns (many composed by Rātana), is used in all church services.
Source officielle
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