Ore genesisVarious theories of ore genesis explain how the various types of mineral deposits form within Earth's crust. Ore-genesis theories vary depending on the mineral or commodity examined. Ore-genesis theories generally involve three components: source, transport or conduit, and trap. (This also applies to the petroleum industry: petroleum geologists originated this analysis.) Source is required because metal must come from somewhere, and be liberated by some process.
Hydrothermalismevignette|Une mare de boue à Hverarönd en Islande, un exemple d'une manifestation en surface de l'hydrothermalisme. vignette|Émission hydrothermale au fond de l'océan (mont hydrothermal). vignette|Le complexe filonien regroupe plusieurs filons hydrothermaux qui communiquent plus ou moins entre eux. L'hydrothermalisme se rapporte à la circulation souterraine d'une eau chaude, chargée en minéraux dissous.
