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Concept
Banu Azd
Résumé
The Azd (أَزْد), or Al-Azd (ٱلْأَزْد), are a tribe of Sabaean Arabs.
Genetic studies and research indicate that Azdite tribes belong to a genealogy that hails from the far north of the Arabian Peninsula, specifically from the Fertile Crescent region.
Pre-Islamic inscriptions, specifically Sabaic inscriptions from Sha'r Awtar's reign (210-230 CE), indicate that the land of Azd extended west of Bīsha, in the south-western heights of Saudi Arabia, straddling the regions of al-Bāḥa and ʿAsīr.
Al-Azd's land during the eve of Islam was comparable to that of the contemporary Azd Sarāt, stretching from Bīsha to the Tihāma shores, the southern limit being approximately al-Nimāṣ and the northern one the modern town of al-Bāḥa.
According to Yemeni tradition, in ancient times, Al Azd inhabited Ma'rib, the capital city of the Kingdom of Saba' in modern-day Yemen. Their lands were irrigated by the Ma'rib Dam, which is thought by some to have been one of the engineering wonders of the ancient world because of its size. When the dam collapsed for the third time in the 5-6th century C.E., much of the Azd tribe left Marib and dispersed; Azd Shanū’ah (Zahran & Ghamid) inhabited the Sarawat Mountains in Hejaz; Bariq inhabited Tihamah; and Azd Mazin (Al Ansar & Ghassanids) inhabited two different regions, where the Ansaris settled in Medina, Hejaz , while the Ghassanids settled in the far north of the Arabian Peninsula.
In the 3rd century C.E., the Azd branched into four sub-branches, each led by one of the sons of Amr bin Muzaikiyya.
Imran bin Amr and the bulk of the tribe went to Oman, where they established the Azdi presence in Eastern Arabia. Later they invaded Karaman and Shiraz in Southern Persia, and these came to be known as "Azd Daba". Another branch headed west back to Yemen, and a group went further west all the way to Tihamah on the Red Sea. This group was to become known as "Azd Uman" after the emergence of Islam.
Jafna bin Amr and his family headed for Syria, where he settled and initiated the kingdom of the Ghassanids.
Source officielle
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