Sample maximum and minimumIn statistics, the sample maximum and sample minimum, also called the largest observation and smallest observation, are the values of the greatest and least elements of a sample. They are basic summary statistics, used in descriptive statistics such as the five-number summary and Bowley's seven-figure summary and the associated box plot. The minimum and the maximum value are the first and last order statistics (often denoted X(1) and X(n) respectively, for a sample size of n).
Five-number summaryThe five-number summary is a set of descriptive statistics that provides information about a dataset. It consists of the five most important sample percentiles: the sample minimum (smallest observation) the lower quartile or first quartile the median (the middle value) the upper quartile or third quartile the sample maximum (largest observation) In addition to the median of a single set of data there are two related statistics called the upper and lower quartiles.
Boîte à moustachesDans les représentations graphiques de données statistiques, la boîte à moustaches, aussi appelée diagramme en boîte, boîtes à pattes, boîte de Tukey (en anglais, box-and-whisker plot, plus simplement box plot) est un moyen rapide de figurer le profil essentiel d'une série statistique quantitative. Elle a été inventée en 1977 par John Tukey, mais peut faire l'objet de certains aménagements selon les utilisateurs. La boîte à moustaches résume seulement quelques indicateurs de position du caractère étudié (médiane, quartiles, minimum, maximum ou déciles).
L-estimatorIn statistics, an L-estimator is an estimator which is a linear combination of order statistics of the measurements (which is also called an L-statistic). This can be as little as a single point, as in the median (of an odd number of values), or as many as all points, as in the mean. The main benefits of L-estimators are that they are often extremely simple, and often robust statistics: assuming sorted data, they are very easy to calculate and interpret, and are often resistant to outliers.
Quartilevignette|Histogramme avec représentation visuelle des quartiles. En statistique descriptive, un quartile est chacune des trois valeurs qui divisent les données triées en quatre parts égales, de sorte que chaque partie représente 1/4 de l'échantillon de population. Le quartile fait partie des quantiles.
