KhwarazmshahKhwarazmshah was an ancient title used regularly by the rulers of the Central Asian region of Khwarazm starting from the Late Antiquity until the advent of the Mongols in the early 13th-century, after which it was used infrequently. There were a total of four families who ruled as Khwarazmshahs—the Afrighids (305–995), Ma'munids (995–1017), the line of Altuntash (1017–1041), and the most prominent ones, the Anushteginids (1097–1231). Like other contemporary Central Asian titles, such as Afshin and Ikhshid, the title of Khwarazmshah is of Iranian origin.
KanglyThe Kangly (康曷利; pinyin: Kānghélì; Middle Chinese (ZS): /khɑŋ-ɦɑt̚-liɪH/ or 康里 pinyin: Kānglĭ < MC-ZS: /khɑŋ-lɨX/; Karakhanid: قنكلى Kaγnï or قنكلى Kaŋlï, also spelled Qanglı, Kanly, Kangly, Qangli, Kangli or Kankali) were a Turkic people of Eurasia who were active from the Tang dynasty up to the Mongol Empire and Yuan dynasty. They may be related to the Kipchaks or Pechenegs, or they may have been a branch of the Kök Turks who were conquered by the Tang dynasty of China.
AltishahrL'Altishahr (écriture ouïghoure : آلتی شهر, écriture ouïghoure cyrillique : Алтә-шәһәр, écriture ouïghoure latine : Altä-şähär or Alti-şähär, écriture ouïghoure arabisée : ئالتە شەھەر) est un nom utilisé aux pour désigner la région du bassin du Tarim. Ce terme signifie les « six villes » en langues turques et fait référence aux villes-oasis situées sur le bord du Tarim, dans le sud de l'actuelle province chinoise du Xinjiang. Six villes (Altishahr) est synonyme de Kashgarie.
YuebanYueban () (Middle Chinese: */jiuᴇt̚-pɣan/ < Late Han Chinese: */jyat-pɑn/), colloquially: "Weak Xiongnu", was the name used by Chinese historians for remnants of the Northern Xiongnu in Zhetysu, now part of modern-day Kazakhstan. In Chinese literature they are commonly called Yueban. The Yuebans gained their own visibility after disintegration of the Northern Xiongnu state, because unlike the main body of the Northern Xiongnu, who escaped from the Chinese sphere of knowledge, the Yueban tribes remained closer to China.
FerghanaFerghana ou Fergana (Fargʻona ; en Фергана) est une ville de l'est de l'Ouzbékistan de en 1999 et de en 2010. Elle forme avec Marguilan qui est limitrophe une grande agglomération de plus de . Son nom provient du فرغانه, Farghâneh et signifie « varié ». Ce nom est aussi lié : à la vallée de Ferghana, vallée fertile située à l'est de l'Ouzbékistan qui lui a donné son nom ; à une province actuelle (viloyat) ouzbèke, la province de Ferghana (Farg‘ona Viloyati), dont Ferghana est la capitale ; à une province historique qui englobait aussi les viloyats d'Andijan et de Namangan ; aux monts Ferghana (au Kirghizistan), à l'est et au nord-est de la vallée de Ferghana.
BulaqsThe Bulaqs were a Turkic tribe known mainly from Arabic sources, originating from the Lop Nor region. They were a core part of the Karluk confederacy located in the Altai Mountains. Many of them migrated to the Southern Ural, into the neighbourhood of the Volga Bulgars and Magna Hungaria Hungarians. Eventually, they were conquered by the Tsardom of Russia in the late 16th century, whom their last record is from. According to a hypothesis, many of them settled in the Balkans and the Carpathian Basin with the Bulgars, another Turkic nation.
