Concept
Puits de pétrole
Concepts associés (32)
Subsea technology
Subsea technology involves fully submerged ocean equipment, operations, or applications, especially when some distance offshore, in deep ocean waters, or on the seabed. The term subsea is frequently used in connection with oceanography, marine or ocean engineering, ocean exploration, remotely operated vehicle (ROVs) autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), submarine communications or power cables, seafloor mineral mining, oil and gas, and offshore wind power.
Perforation (oil well)
A perforation in the context of oil wells refers to a hole punched in the casing or liner of an oil well to connect it to the reservoir. It creates a channel between the pay zone and the wellbore to cause oil and gas to flow to the wellbore easily. In cased hole completions, the well will be drilled down past the section of the formation desired for production and will have casing or a liner run in separating the formation from the well bore.
Associated petroleum gas
Associated petroleum gas (APG), or associated gas, is a form of natural gas which is found with deposits of petroleum, either dissolved in the oil or as a free "gas cap" above the oil in the reservoir. The gas can be utilized in a number of ways after processing: sold and included in the natural-gas distribution networks, used for on-site electricity generation with engines or turbines, reinjected for secondary recovery and used in enhanced oil recovery, converted from gas to liquids producing synthetic fuels, or used as feedstock for the petrochemical industry, but much of it worldwide is flared.
Blowout
Dans l’industrie pétrolière, un blowout désigne l’éruption incontrôlée de pétrole brut, de gaz naturel, de condensats de gaz naturel ou du mélange de ces hydrocarbures, ou d'un autre gaz (CO par exemple) depuis un puits de forage ou d'exploitation. Il correspond à un échec du contrôle de la pression du puits. C'est l'un des risques les plus graves et les plus coûteux pour une installation de forage de gaz ou pétrole.
Mud engineer
A mud engineer (correctly called a drilling fluids engineer, but most often referred to as the "mud man") works on an oil well or gas well drilling rig, and is responsible for ensuring the properties of the drilling fluid, also known as drilling mud, are within designed specifications. drilling mud Mud is a vital part of drilling operations.
Chevalet de pompage
A pumpjack is the overground drive for a reciprocating piston pump in an oil well. It is used to mechanically lift liquid out of the well if there is not enough bottom hole pressure for the liquid to flow all the way to the surface. The arrangement is often used for onshore wells. Pumpjacks are common in oil-rich areas. Depending on the size of the pump, it generally produces of liquid at each stroke. Often this is an emulsion of crude oil and water.
Fugitive gas emissions
Fugitive gas emissions are emissions of gas (typically natural gas, which contains methane) to atmosphere or groundwater which result from oil and gas or coal mining activity. In 2016, these emissions, when converted to their equivalent impact of carbon dioxide, accounted for 5.8% of all global greenhouse gas emissions. Most fugitive emissions are the result of loss of well integrity through poorly sealed well casings due to geochemically unstable cement.
Roughneck
Roughneck is a term for a person whose occupation is hard manual labor. The term applies across a number of industries, but is most commonly associated with the workers on a drilling rig. The ideal of the hard-working, tough roughneck has been adopted by several sports teams who use the phrase as part of their name or logo. Originally the term was used in the traveling carnivals of 19th-century United States, almost interchangeably with roustabout. By the 1930s the terms had transferred to the oil drilling industry.
Incendies de pétrole au Koweït
vignette|Panaches de fumée de quelques-uns des incendies de pétrole koweïtiens le 7 avril 1991, vus de la navette spatiale Atlantis pendant STS-37. Les incendies de pétrole au Koweït ont été causés par l'incendie par l'armée irakienne de 605 à 732 puits de pétrole signalés, ainsi que d'un nombre indéterminé de zones basses remplies de pétrole, telles que des lacs de pétrole et des tranchées d'incendie, dans le cadre d'une politique de la terre brûlée tout en se retirant du Koweït en 1991 en raison des avancées des forces de la dirigée par les États-Unis pendant la guerre du Golfe.
Heavy crude oil
Heavy crude oil (or extra heavy crude oil) is highly viscous oil that cannot easily flow from production wells under normal reservoir conditions. It is referred to as "heavy" because its density or specific gravity is higher than that of light crude oil. Heavy crude oil has been defined as any liquid petroleum with an API gravity less than 20°. Physical properties that differ between heavy crude oils and lighter grades include higher viscosity and specific gravity, as well as higher molecular weight hydrocarbon composition.