In computing, a file shortcut is a handle in a user interface that allows the user to find a file or resource located in a different directory or folder from the place where the shortcut is located. Similarly, an Internet shortcut allows the user to open a page, file or resource located at a remote Internet location or Web site.
Shortcuts are typically implemented as a small file containing a target URI or GUID to an object, or the name of a target program file that the shortcut represents. The shortcut might additionally specify parameters to be passed to the target program when it is run. Each shortcut can have its own icon. Shortcuts are very commonly placed on a desktop, in an application launcher panel such as the Microsoft Windows Start menu, or in the main menu of a desktop environment. The functional equivalent in the Macintosh operating system is called an alias, and a symbolic link (or symlink) in UNIX-like systems.
File shortcuts (also known as shell links) were introduced in Windows 95. Microsoft Windows uses .lnk as the extension for shortcuts to local files, and .URL for shortcuts to remote files, like web pages. Commonly referred to as "shortcuts" or "link files", both are displayed with a curled arrow overlay icon by default, and no . (The extension remains hidden in Windows Explorer even when "Hide extensions for known file types" is unchecked in File Type options, because it is controlled by the NeverShowExt option in HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\lnkfile in the Registry. The IsShortcut option causes the arrow to be displayed.) Shortcut files can be used to launch programs in minimized or maximized window states if the program supports it.
Microsoft Windows .lnk files operate as Windows Explorer extensions, rather than file system extensions. As a shell extension, .lnk files cannot be used in place of the file except in Windows Explorer, and have other uses in Windows Explorer in addition to use as a shortcut to a local file (or GUID). These files also begin with "L".
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Le menu démarrer est le menu principal de l’interface graphique de la série des systèmes d’exploitation Microsoft Windows. Il a été conçu comme le point de départ pour commencer un travail ou lancer des programmes informatiques. Le menu démarrer apparaît pour la première fois dans Windows 95. À l'époque, son nom (Start en anglais) avait suscité une campagne publicitaire ponctuée par la chanson Start Me Up des Rolling Stones, dont les droits avaient coûté 14 millions de dollars à Microsoft.
The Windows shell is the graphical user interface for the Microsoft Windows operating system. Its readily identifiable elements consist of the desktop, the taskbar, the Start menu, the task switcher and the AutoPlay feature. On some versions of Windows, it also includes Flip 3D and the charms. In Windows 10, the Windows Shell Experience Host interface drives visuals like the Start Menu, Action Center, Taskbar, and Task View/Timeline.
En informatique, l'installation (en anglais, installation ou setup) d'un programme (incluant les pilotes de périphériques et les plugins) est la procédure permettant l'intégration du programme sur l'ordinateur pour le rendre apte à être exécuté. Parce que le processus d'installation varie pour chaque programme et chaque ordinateur, les programmes (y compris les systèmes d'exploitation) sont souvent livrés avec un installateur, un programme spécialisé responsable de faire tout ce qui est nécessaire pour l'installation.
Building up on the basic concepts of sampling, filtering and Fourier transforms, we address stochastic modeling, spectral analysis, estimation and prediction, classification, and adaptive filtering, w
The principles of 3D surface (SEM) reconstruction and its limitations will be explained. 3D volume reconstruction and tomography methods by electron microscopy (SEM/FIB and TEM) will be explained and
Explore les méthodes d'estimation du spectre paramétrique, y compris les spectres linéaires et lisses, et se penche sur l'analyse de la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque.