Nader ChahNader Chah, aussi transcrit Nâdir Cheh (en نادرشاه / Nâder-Šâh), de son vrai nom Nader Khan Qirqlu Afchar (en persan : fa), né le en Iran et mort le , est chahanchah d'Iran et fondateur de la dynastie des Afcharides. Il règne de 1736 jusqu'à sa mort. Il est surtout connu pour ses conquêtes. On le surnommera plus tard « le Napoléon de Perse ». Il naît dans la région de Dastguerd de la province du Khorassan dans l'empire Séfévide (l'endroit correspond au nord-ouest de l'Iran actuel).
YusufzaiThe Yusufzai or Yousafzai (یوسفزی, jusəpˈzay), also referred to as the Esapzai (ايسپزی, iːsəpˈzay) , or Yusufzai Afghans historically, are one of the largest tribes of ethnic Pashtuns. They are natively based in the northern part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Malakand, Dir, Swat, Shangla, Buner, Swabi, Mardan, Bajaur, Peshawar, Tor Ghar), to which they migrated to from Kabul during the 16th century, but they are also present in smaller numbers in parts of Afghanistan, including Kunar, Kabul, Kandahar and Farah.
Safavid IranSafavid Iran or Safavid Persia ('sæfəvɪd,_ˈsɑː-), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam.