Abstentionism

Abstentionism is standing for election to a deliberative assembly while refusing to take up any seats won or otherwise participate in the assembly's business. Abstentionism differs from an election boycott in that abstentionists participate in the election itself. Abstentionism has been used by Irish republican political movements in the United Kingdom and Ireland since the early 19th century. It was also used by Hungarian and Czech nationalists in the Austrian Imperial Council in the 1860s. When suppressing the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the Austrian Empire abolished the Diet of Hungary. Austria's 1861 February Patent reserved places for Hungary in the indirectly elected Imperial Council, but the Hungarians did not send representatives, arguing the council was usurping authority properly belonging to the Diet. Emulating the Hungarians, the Czech delegates for Bohemia withdrew in 1863, and those from Moravia in 1864. Hungarian demands were met by the Compromise of 1867, with the empire becoming the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in which the Hungarian half was ruled by a revived Diet. In 1904, Arthur Griffith published The Resurrection of Hungary arguing for a British–Irish dual monarchy similar to the 1867 compromise. Griffith's subsequent "Sinn Féin policy" developed this model. Tom Kettle of the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) countered that Bohemia had remained in the Austrian half of the post-1867 empire, and its delegates abandoned abstentionism in 1879. After the Act of Union 1800, Ireland was represented in the British Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Repeal of the Act of Union was a goal of many Irish nationalists. In 1845, a motion was carried at the Repeal Association's committee for all Irish members of parliament (MPs) to withdraw from Westminster. It was proposed by Thomas Osborne Davis of the Young Ireland movement. However, the committee felt that MPs already sitting could not withdraw without breaking the oath of office they had taken upon election.

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Concepts associés (24)

House of Commons of Northern Ireland

The House of Commons of Northern Ireland was the lower house of the Parliament of Northern Ireland created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. The upper house in the bicameral parliament was called the Senate. It was abolished with the passing of the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973. The House of Commons had a membership of 52. Until 1969, 48 were from territorial constituencies and 4 were for graduates of The Queen's University of Belfast; in that year the QUB seats were abolished and four extra territorial constituencies created on the outskirts of Belfast, where the population had grown.

Gerry Adams

Gerry Adams, né le à Belfast, est un dirigeant politique nord-irlandais catholique et représentant élu de Belfast-Ouest au Parlement britannique jusqu'en , puis, à compter de , député (Teachta Dála) au Dáil Éireann (Assemblée d'Irlande). Leader de 1983 à 2018 du parti politique républicain nord-irlandais, le Sinn Féin, considéré comme la vitrine politique de l'IRA provisoire, il milite contre la souveraineté britannique en Irlande du Nord. Gerry Adams est né dans le district de Ballymurphy, à Belfast, en Irlande du Nord.

Partition de l'Irlande

thumb|Carte de l'Irlande mettant en valeur la séparation entre l'Irlande indépendante (en vert) et l'Irlande du Nord (en jaune-gris). Les traits représentent les frontières des comtés d'Irlande. La partition de l'Irlande (partition of Ireland - críochdheighilt na hÉireann) est la division de l'île d'Irlande en deux territoires distincts : l'Irlande du Nord et l'État d'Irlande indépendant. La partition survient durant la guerre d'indépendance irlandaise et divise l'île en Irlande du Nord et Irlande du Sud.