Complex data type

Some programming languages provide a complex data type for complex number storage and arithmetic as a built-in (primitive) data type. A complex variable or value is usually represented as a pair of floating-point numbers. Languages that support a complex data type usually provide special syntax for building such values, and extend the basic arithmetic operations ('+', '−', '×', '÷') to act on them. These operations are usually translated by the compiler into a sequence of floating-point machine instructions or into library calls. Those languages may also provide support for other operations, such as formatting, equality testing, etc. As in mathematics, those languages often interpret a floating-point value as equivalent to a complex value with a zero imaginary part. The FORTRAN COMPLEX type. The C99 standard of the C programming language includes complex data types and complex-math functions in the standard library header . The C++ standard library provides a complex template class as well as complex-math functions in the header. The Go programming language has built-in types complex64 (each component is 32-bit float) and complex128 (each component is 64-bit float). The Perl core module provides support for complex numbers. Python provides the built-in complex type. Imaginary number literals can be specified by appending a "j". Complex-math functions are provided in the standard library module cmath. Ruby provides a class in the standard library module . OCaml supports complex numbers with the standard library module . Haskell supports complex numbers with the standard library module (previously called ). Mercury provides complex numbers with full operator overloading support in the extras distribution, using . Java does not have a standard complex number class, but there exist a number of incompatible free implementations of a complex number class: The Apache Commons Math library provides complex numbers for Java with its class. The JScience library has a number class.