Concept
Shipping container
Concepts associés (15)
Package testing
Package testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, primary packages, shipping containers, and unit loads, as well as the associated processes. Testing measures the effects and interactions of the levels of packaging, the package contents, external forces, and end-use. It can involve controlled laboratory experiments, subjective evaluations by people, or field testing.
Less-than-truckload shipping
Less-than-truckload shipping or less than load (LTL) is the transportation of an amount of freight sized between individual parcels and full truckloads. Parcel carriers handle small packages and freight that can be broken down into units less than approximately . Full truckload carriers move entire semi-trailers. Semi-trailers are typically between and require a substantial amount of freight to make such transportation economical. The term LTL can refer to the freight itself, or to the carrier that transports the such freight.
Packaging and labeling
Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and personal use.
Transport
vignette|alt=Une planche du Larousse universel de 1922 illustrant les modes de transport|Une planche illustrant les modes de transport (Larousse universel en 2 volumes, 1922). vignette|Le réseau routier de transport automobile est confronté aux fleuves et petits bras de mer qui peuvent être traversés par de grands ponts, des tunnels, des bacs ou des ferrys. vignette|L'avion est un mode de transport en très forte croissance depuis la seconde moitié du , mais dont les impacts écologiques et climatiques sont importants ( à raison de de kérosène, les vols intra-européens émettent environ par an en 2007.
Mondialisation
Le terme de mondialisation correspond à un libre échange des marchandises, des capitaux, des services, des personnes, des techniques et de l'information. Il désigne le processus d'intégration des marchés et de rapprochement des humains qui résulte notamment de la libéralisation des échanges, du développement des moyens de transport de personnes et de marchandises, et des retombées des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) à l'échelle planétaire.