AdhitthanaAdhiṭṭhāna (Pali; from adhi meaning "foundational" or "beginning" plus sthā meaning "standing"; Sanskrit, अधिष्ठान) has been translated as "decision," "resolution," "self-determination," "will", "strong determination" and "resolute determination." In the late canonical literature of Theravada Buddhism, adhiṭṭhāna is one of the ten "perfections" (dasa pāramiyo), exemplified by the bodhisatta's resolve to become fully awakened.
PāvāPāvā was an important city of the Malla tribe of ancient India at the time of the Haryanka dynasty of Magadha. It is located about southeast of Kushinagar in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The precise location of ancient Pāvā is not known with certainty. Likely candidates include: an ancient site known as Fazilnagar ka kot (ASI SL.# N-UP-P25), located in present-day Fazilnagar, in [[Kushinagar district a large flat-topped mound of ruins known as Jharmatiya (ASI SL.
KhemaKhema « sénénité » (ch : chènmó 讖摩 ou kǎimǎ 凱瑪) est une disciple du Bouddha, proclamée par lui première des nonnes en rang (à l’exception des doyennes Mahaprajapati Gautami et Kisa Gautami) et en sagesse. Des poèmes du Therigatha lui sont attribués. Originaire de Sagala dans le royaume de Magadha, elle était de sang royal et d’une grande beauté, avec une peau couleur d’or. Elle devint la première dame du gynécée du roi Bimbisâra, patron du bouddhisme.
UpayaUpāya, en sanskrit et pāli (उपाय) signifie : moyen efficace, méthode, expédient. Le bouddhisme mahāyāna accorde une grande importance à l’upāya kauśalya (ou kaushalya : habileté कौशल्य), en chinois fāngbiàn (方便), en tibétain thabs, qui désigne la capacité, développée au plus haut point chez les bouddhas et les bodhisattvas, de choisir le meilleur moyen de guider les êtres en fonction de leurs besoins et possibilités propres à un moment donné.
BuddhavaṃsaThe Buddhavaṃsa (also known as the Chronicle of Buddhas) is a hagiographical Buddhist text which describes the life of Gautama Buddha and of the twenty-four Buddhas who preceded him and prophesied his attainment of Buddhahood. It is the fourteenth book of the Khuddaka Nikāya, which in turn is the fifth and last division of the Sutta Piṭaka. The Sutta Piṭaka is one of three pitakas (main sections) which together constitute the Tripiṭaka, or Pāli Canon of Theravāda Buddhism.
KosambiKosambi, ou Kauśâmbî, maintenant en ruine, était une des plus grandes cités dans l'Inde, en 500 av. J.-C. C'était la capitale de Vatsa (aussi Vasma). La ville se trouvait à quelque 150 km à l'ouest de Bénarès. On trouvait à Kosambi quatre arama. et Gautama Bouddha y séjourna à différentes occasions, y dispensant ses enseignements. C'est dans cette ville que se produisit l'unique schisme du vivant du Bouddha: un moine fut excommunié en raison d'un manquement aux règles monastiques qu'on lui reprochait.
DharmaskandhaDharmaskandha (धर्मस्कन्ध) or Dharma-skandha-sastra (धर्मस्कन्ध शास्त्र) is one of the seven Sarvastivada Abhidharma Buddhist scriptures. Dharmaskandha means "collection of dharmas". It was composed by Sariputra (according to the Sanskrit and Tibetan sources) or Maudgalyayana (according to Chinese sources). The Chinese edition was translated by Xuanzang, and appears as: T26, No. 1537, 阿毘達磨法蘊足論, 尊者大目乾連造, 三藏法師玄奘奉 詔譯, in 12 fascicles. It begins with a matrka as a summary of the topics, showing its antiquity, as these were supposedly only assigned by the Buddha himself.
Ajnata KaundinyaAjnata Kaundinya (IAST : Ājñātakauṇḍinya, Pali : Aññātakokondañña) est le premier moine bouddhiste à avoir atteint le nirvana. Disciple de Bouddha, faisant partie d'une troupe de cinq ascètes, il fut celui qui en entendant le premier discours de son maître près de Varanasi, en Inde, vers le (ou ) siècle avant notre ère, sorti de la vie des souffrances. À l'origine Ajnata Kaundinya était un brahmane. Dans le chapitre VIII du Sūtra du Lotus, “La prophétie de l’illumination à cinq cents disciples”, il est parmi les cinq cents arhat qui souhaiteraient recevoir une prophétie d’illumination.
Da zhidu lunThe Dà zhìdù lùn (abbreviated DZDL), (Chinese: 大智度論, Wade-Giles: Ta-chih-tu lun; Japanese: Daichido-ron (as in Taishō Tripiṭaka no. 1509); The Treatise on the Great Prajñāpāramitā) is a massive Mahāyāna Buddhist treatise and commentary on the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra (The Sūtra of Transcendental Wisdom in Twenty-five Thousand Lines). The title has been reconstructed into Sanskrit as Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa. and Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra. It is an encyclopedic compendium or summa of Mahayana Buddhist doctrine.
IddhiIddhi (Pali; Sanskrit: rddhi) in Buddhism refers to "psychic powers", one of the six supranormal powers (abhijñā) attained by advanced meditation through the four dhyānas. The main sense of the word seems to be "potency". According to Bowker, there are eight iddhi powers: Replicate and project bodily images of oneself, Make oneself invisible, Pass through solid objects, Sink into solid ground, Walk on water, Fly, Touch the sun and moon with one's hand, Ascend to the world of the god Brahmā in the highest heavens According to the Iddhipada-vibhanga Sutta (SN 51.
