Concept

Marhatta (region)

Résumé

Marhatta or Maharatta/Maharatha (also known as Marhat Des which means Marhat country) was a historical region 72 miles (18 Parganas) south of the Narmada River and north of the Karnãtak (Karnataka) in which the Marathi language was spoken. The region is invoked, along with Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Orissa, Bengal and South India as the different cultural regions of India in Rabindranath Tagore's poem which was chosen as the national anthem "Jana Gana Mana" of the newly-established Indian republic in 1950. Multiple theories have been proposed but the exact etymology of the name is uncertain. According to Shamba Joshi, the word Mar-Hatta comes from the word Hatta-Desa, the settlement of Hatti-Karas (Hatkars). In Old Kannada, the meaning of Hatti-Kara is milkman (Gavli) and Hatti means cattle pen or fold. Patti in Tamil would mean cowstall, sheepfold, a measure of land sufficient for sheepfold, cattle pound, a hamlet, a village, a place. He observes that Hatti-Karas are descendents of Patti-Janas, people who were settled in the south of Narmada River during the middle ages. This region was called Hatta-Desa. After the 12th century AD, the civil strife between the Yadavas of Devagiri and Halebidu (Hoysala's capital) split this land into two, into Marhätta and Karnätaka. Saint Ramdas refers to the two parts, Hatak for Marhätta and Karnatak for Karnätaka, in one of his Aratis. A theory is that the term is derived from Maha ("great") and ratha / rathi (chariot / charioteer), which refers to a skilful northern fighting force that migrated southward into the area. According to R. G. Bhandarkar, the origin of the name lies in a tribe mentioned by Mauryan Emperor Ashoka in a copy of his rock-cut edicts (B. C. 245) preserved at Girnar where he is mentioned as sending ministers to the rattas (or rashtrikas "nations"), the suggestion being that a couple of the rattas took the name of Maharatta "great rattas". This is supported by the practice of the Bhoja rulers of the Konkan and West Deccan, who are styled "Bhojas" in Ashoka's thirteenth edict (B.

Source officielle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marhatta_(region)

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