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Concept
Niles and Sutherland Report
Résumé
The Niles and Sutherland Report, officially the Report of Captain Emory H. Niles and Mr. Arthur E. Sutherland Jr. on Trip of Investigation Through Eastern Turkish Vilayets, was commissioned by the United States Congress under the leadership of James L. Barton, Chairman of the American Committee for Relief in the Near East (ACRNE).
The purpose was to assess conditions in the former Ottoman Empire's eastern provinces in the aftermath of World War I, suggest what aid was needed and whether it could be provided by the ACRNE.
Captain Emory H. Niles of the United States Army and Arthur E. Sutherland, Jr. toured the Anatolian area through often difficult terrain inaccessible by train or vehicle.
Niles and Sutherland's inspection of Eastern Turkey preceded the larger and more expansive Harbord Commission led by General James Harbord. Harbord had been instructed to "investigate and report on the political, military, geographic, administrative, economic, and such other considerations involved in possible American interests and responsibilities in the region" and resulted in the 1920 ‘Report of the American Military Mission to Armenia’. Because Harbord's group did not travel to Bitlis and Van, their report relied on information provided in the 1919 ‘Niles and Sutherland Report’.
From Aleppo, Niles and Sutherland traveled by rail to Mardin, arriving there on 3 July 1919, where they engaged Osman Ruhi, a Turkish medical student, as their interpreter. The journey to Bitlis and Van was done on horseback, accompanied by a guard of Turkish soldiers. Their itinerary included Van, the Lake Region, Erzurum, Erzincan, Karakilise, and Şebinkarahisar. Because of difficulties in transportation, war damage, lack of roads, automobiles, gasoline, and sickness, they had to make changes in the planned trip. In some areas where they saw no real war damage, such as between Erzincan and Şebinkarahisar, or where ACRNE was already active, such as Trabizond, they did not spend much time.
Source officielle
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