Fête | EPFL Graph Search

Une fête est une période de réjouissance collective destinée à célébrer quelque chose ou quelqu'un. Une fête est limitée dans le temps. C'est un ensemble de personnes qui se réunissent dans le but de s'amuser et de profiter. Les funérailles ne sont pas considérées comme une fête. La fête peut devenir un devoir ou une obligation sociale, comme les préceptes catholiques (Noël, Pâques...) ou les fêtes nationales. Il existe des fêtes publiques, qui engagent une société tout entière, et des fêtes privées limitées à une famille, à une corporation, à des clients, etc. Étymologie : du latin festa dies, jour de fête. Famille du mot : festif, férié, festin, festoyer, fêtard… La plupart des fêtes publiques occidentales sont d'origine chrétienne, ou des fêtes plus anciennes que le christianisme a assimilées ; certaines fêtes sont d'origine civile. La tradition laïque a introduit le terme de jour férié pour désigner les jours de fêtes publiques reconnus par la loi, qu'ils soient d'origine chréti

Knowledge-based decision support for improving the adaptive product development process

Predrag Spasojevic

The product development process (PDP) is a complex process encompassing many very diverse activities, and involving a fairly big number of actors, spread across different professions, teams and companies. In todayâs product development, more often than not these individual actors and groups of actors perform their duties almost isolated from the others, using their own methods and software tools to achieve their respective local goals within the overall development effort. Even though much of the same knowledge about the product is used in different phases and tasks of the PDP, in most cases it is not shared or structured in any formal manner, except locally in some cases. Instead, it is exchanged through meetings of the responsible people or other informal means. Current PDP support ICT solutions are focusing on specific parts of the process, but there is no integrated approach that includes product data and services required for the whole PDP, despite the knowledge commonalities shared by its parts and phases. Apart from that, information about the process itself (such as how the tasks are defined, planned and organized, which changes are made to a plan before and during the execution of the tasks, and based on which conditions are these decisions being made), is rarely kept or formally described, relying on the people and their memory. This lack of awareness about the process plans and execution among people responsible for different tasks within PDP leads to misunderstandings, collisions and delays arising much more often than necessary, and work being done in a suboptimal fashion. Having both the product and process knowledge captured, managed, shared and reused in a standardized manner would aid the process tremendously, by improving the collaboration between all the parties involved, making sure that the entire process and its individual tasks are executed at the right moment, with the correct resources, having minimal negative effect on the others, and with the best possible performance. This thesis presents an approach to reduce the impact of these issues, based on a PDP knowledge management and decision support software system. Ontologies, description logic and Semantic Web technologies are used to formalize the knowledge, enable reasoning and additional fact inferencing, as well as to make it easier to access by both machine and human actors in the PDP. As a first step, a general model of the PDP was created, based on detailed descriptions of product development processes in six companies from three different industry branches (aerospace, automotive and home appliances). In accordance with the model, a broad PDP ontology was designed and implemented, as part of a collaborative effort with other research institutes and companies. The ontology provides the formal structure for the knowledge encountered during the PDP by describing the relevant classes, properties and relations. In addition, the architecture of the ontology-centered knowledge base and the adjoining support software framework is described, showing relevant implementation details and features for supporting PDP planning and execution. They give insight into the benefits of applying the Semantic Web technologies in the product development domain, and how they provide the basis for improving the PDP. The benefits are reflected in shorter PDP project times and better results, which come from knowledge capture and reuse, improved collaboration, faster reaction and [...]

EPFL2015

Test of ITER conductors in SULTAN: an update

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Ciro Calzolaio, Boris Stepanov, Martin Vogel, Rainer Wesche

The ITER Toroidal Field (TF) conductor qualification phase has been carried out by testing short sample prototype conductors in the SULTAN test facility. This phase, started in 2007, has been substantially completed after minor adjustment of the conductor specification and test procedures. All the parties involved in the TF conductor procurement passed the qualification phase. Starting 2010, the samples for TF process qualification phase are tested in SULTAN. A summary of the results for all the ITER Qualification samples and an updated statistics are presented for the V-I and V-T characteristics of the cable-in-conduit conductors (CICC), including Nb3Sn and NbTi samples assembled with either a "bottom joint" or a "U-bend".

2011

Knowledge-based decision support for improving the adaptive product development process

Predrag Spasojevic

EPFL2015