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Concept
African admixture in Europe
Résumé
African admixture in Europe refers to the presence of human genotypes attributable to periods of human population dispersals out of Africa in the genetic history of Europe. For example, certain Y-DNA and mtDNA lineages are thought to have spread from Northeastern Africa to the Near East during the later Pleistocene, and from there to Europe with the Neolithic Revolution.
More recent African admixture - primarily Berber admixture from North Africa - is associated with historic migrations through the Mediterranean Sea and the Muslim conquests of the Early Middle Ages. This admixture can be found primarily in western-southern Iberian peninsula and Southern Italy, with the latter having its highest incidence in Sardinia and Sicily.
The change from hunting and gathering to agriculture during the Neolithic Revolution was a watershed in world history. The societies that first made the change to agriculture are believed to have lived in Western Asia and Asia Minor around 10,000 BCE. Agriculture was introduced into Europe and North Africa by migrating farmers from West Asia. According to the demic diffusion model, these Middle Eastern farmers either replaced or interbred with the local hunter-gather populations that had been living in Europe since the Out of Africa migration.
It has been suggested that the first Middle Eastern farmers reflected North African influences or vice versa. There have been suggestions that some genetic lineages found in the Middle East arrived there during this period. The first agricultural societies in the Middle East are generally thought to have emerged after, and perhaps from, the Natufian culture between 12,000 and 10,000 BCE. The latter group was widely semi-sedentary even before the introduction of agriculture. An important migration from North Africa across the Sinai also appears to have occurred before the formation of the Natufian..
In historical times, there has been a period of north African influence in southern Europe, especially western-southern Iberia and parts of southern Italy (namely Sicily), during various Muslim conquests.
Source officielle
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