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Concept
36th Escort Group (Royal Navy)
Résumé
36th Escort Group was a British formation of the Royal Navy which saw action during the Second World War, principally in the Battle of the Atlantic.
The group operated mainly on the Gibraltar and South Atlantic convoy routes and was involved in several convoy battles, including Convoy HG 76, one of the first Allied victories in the Atlantic campaign.
36th Escort Group (36 EG) was formed in October 1941 led by HMS Stork under the command of Cdr FJ "Johnnie" Walker, destined to become Britains most successful anti-submarine warfare commander.
The group comprised 2 sloops, Stork and Deptford (Lt Cdr HR White),and 7 corvettes
Convolvulus (Lt RS Connel),
Gardenia (Lt Cdr Firth),
Marigold (Lt J Renwick),
Pentstemon (Lt Cdr J Byron),
Rhodedendron (Lt Cdr LA Sayers),
Samphire (Lt Cdr FT Renny) and
Vetch (Lt Cdr HJ Beverley).
36 Escort Group's first convoy was HG 70, a group of 24 ships homebound from Gibraltar, in August 1941. This was uneventful, as no attack developed. The group's next few convoys, to Gibraltar and the South Atlantic, were equally uneventful, giving the group time to drill and practice group exercises.
In December 1941 36 EG escorted HG 76 in company with the escort carrier Audacity and her destroyer consorts.
Over a period of 8 days, the escort force destroyed 4 U-boats, 3 of them by 36 EG, for the loss of 2 ships and 2 warships, one of which was carrier Audacity. Hailed as a major victory, HG 76 was the first time heavy losses had been inflicted on an attacking U-boat force.
In April 1942 the group accompanied OG 82. With a group reduced to Stork and 4 corvettes, (Convolvulus, Gardenia, Pentstemon and Vetch), 36 EG destroyed one U-boat, U-252, with no ships lost.
In June 1942 HG 84, escorted by Stork with 3 corvettes (Convolvulus, Gardenia and Marigold) was attacked by the U-boat group Endrass. The groups aggressive defence caused damage to 5 U-boats, but no kills, while 5 ships were sunk. The destroyer Wild Swan, sent as reinforcement, was also sunk in an air attack.
Source officielle
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