Batterie redox vanadium

Une batterie redox vanadium (ou batterie à oxydoréduction au vanadium) est un type de batterie rechargeable à flux qui utilise le vanadium dans différents états d'oxydation pour stocker l'énergie potentielle chimique. Un brevet allemand de batterie à flux au chlorure de titane avait déjà été enregistré et accepté en 1954, mais la plupart des développements ont été réalisés par les chercheurs de la NASA dans les années 1970. L'utilisation du vanadium avait déjà été suggérée, mais la première démonstration réelle et le développement commercial de toutes les batteries vanadium à flux travaillant avec une solution d'acide sulfurique ont été réalisés par Maria Skyllas-Kazacos et collaborateurs à l'université de Nouvelle-Galles du Sud en Australie. La forme actuelle (électrolytes à l'acide sulfurique) a été brevetée par l'université de Nouvelle-Galles du Sud en 1989. Principe Les batteries à flux stockent l'électricité et la génèrent par réaction d'oxydoréduction. Elles pré

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Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries Enhanced by Solid Boosters

Elena Zanzola

One of the main challenges for certain electricity production technologies (e.g. renewables) is the capability to supply energy according to the demand. It follows that storing energy is a possible solution to the inadequacy between production and demand. Among various technologies, electrochemical energy storage is a particularly good solution. Redox flow batteries, as electrochemical energy storage technology are scalable, durable, robust and quite safe, but as compared to other technologies, they have a quite poor volumetric capacity (10-40 Wh/L) determined by the solubility limit of the redox-active species dissolved in the electrolytes. In this thesis, an approach to overcome the low storage capacity in aqueous redox flow batteries is presented. The approach consists of adding solid-phase materials (herein called solid boosters) into the liquid electrolytes contained in the battery reservoirs. These boosters can receive charge from the redox-active species reacting in the flow cell, if the respective Fermi levels are aligned to those of the liquid electrolyte materials. This concept is denoted as âredox-mediatedâ charge transfer, where solid boosters become the primary storage media, bypassing the solubility limit issue that restraints the storage capacity. This work opens a series of future studies to enable bulk-phase charge storage in the reservoirs of redox flow batteries and it looks promising for industrial demonstrators.

EPFL2020

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Modeling of Ion Crossover in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Computationally-Efficient Lumped Parameter Approach for Extended Cycling

Christopher Raymond Dennison

In this work, we have developed a zero-dimensional vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) model which accounts for all modes of vanadium crossover and enables prediction of long-term performance of the system in a computationally-efficient manner. Using this model, the effects of membrane thickness on a 1000-cycle operation of a VRFB system have been investigated. It was observed that utilizing a thicker membrane significantly reduces the rate of capacity fade over time (up to similar to 15%) at the expense of reducing the energy efficiency (up to similar to 2%) due to increased ohmic losses. During extended cycling, the capacity of each simulated case was observed to approach an asymptote of similar to 60% relative capacity, as the concentrations in each half-cell reach a quasi-equilibrium state. Simulations also indicated that peak power density and limiting current density exhibit a similar asymptotic trend during extended cycling (i.e., an similar to 10-15% decrease in the peak power density and an similar to 20-25% decrease in the limiting current density is observed as quasi-equilibrium state is reached). (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Electrochemical Society2016

Chargement

Enhancing Mass Transport in Redox Flow Batteries by Tailoring Flow Field and Electrode Design

Christopher Raymond Dennison

In this study, we investigate the mass transport effects of various flow field designs paired with raw and laser perforated carbon paper electrodes in redox flow batteries (RFBs). Previously, we observed significant increases in peak power density and limiting current density when perforated electrodes were used in conjunction with the serpentine flow field. In this work, we expand on our earlier findings by investigating various flow field designs (e.g., serpentine, parallel, interdigitated, and spiral), and continuously measuring pressure drop in each configuration. In all cases, these perforated electrodes are found to be associated with a reduction in pressure drop from 4% to 18%. Flow field designs with a continuous path from inlet to outlet (i.e., serpentine, parallel, spiral) are observed to exhibit improved performance (up to 31%) when paired with perforated electrodes, as a result of more facile reactant delivery and resulting greater utilization of the available surface area. Conversely, flow fields with discontinuous paths which force electrolyte to travel through the electrode (e.g. interdigitated), are adversely affected by the creation of perforations due to the high permeability 'channels' in the electrode. These results demonstrate that mass transport can significantly limit the performance of RFBs with carbon paper electrodes. (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Electrochemical Society2016

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