Concept
Pronom
Concepts associés (55)
He (pronoun)
In Modern English, he is a singular, masculine, third-person pronoun. In Standard Modern English, he has four shapes representing five distinct word forms: he: the nominative (subjective) form him: the accusative (objective) form (also called the oblique case) his: the dependent and independent genitive (possessive) forms himself: the reflexive form Old English had a single third-person pronoun — from the Proto-Germanic demonstrative base *khi-, from PIE *ko- "this" — which had a plural and three genders in the singular.
Subject pronoun
In linguistics, a subject pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb. Subject pronouns are usually in the nominative case for languages with a nominative–accusative alignment pattern. On the other hand, a language with an ergative-absolutive pattern usually has separate subject pronouns for transitive and intransitive verbs: an ergative case pronoun for transitive verbs and an absolutive case pronoun for intransitive verbs. In English, the commonly used subject pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, one, we, they, who and what.
Dummy pronoun
A dummy pronoun is a deictic pronoun that fulfills a syntactical requirement without providing a contextually explicit meaning of its referent. As such, it is an example of exophora. Dummy pronouns are used in many Germanic languages, including German and English. Pronoun-dropping languages such as Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, and Turkish do not require dummy pronouns.
C-commande
En syntaxe, la c-commande (constituent-command (anglais)) est une relation entre nœuds dans les arbres syntaxiques. Pour deux nœuds A et B, on dit que A c-commande B si A ne domine pas B, B ne domine pas A, et tous les ancêtres de A ayant strictement plus d'un descendant dominent B. Dans des arbres n'ayant pas de nœud à un seul descendant, cela revient à dire que A domine B s'il a pour frère un ancêtre de B. Dit d'une autre façon : si A et B sont sœurs (ou frères) ils se c-commandent l'un l'autre.
Reference
A reference is a relationship between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to refer to the second object. It is called a name for the second object. The next object, the one to which the first object refers, is called the referent of the first object. A name is usually a phrase or expression, or some other symbolic representation. Its referent may be anything – a material object, a person, an event, an activity, or an abstract concept.
Referent
A referent (ˈrɛfərənt) is a person or thing to which a name – a linguistic expression or other symbol – refers. For example, in the sentence Mary saw me, the referent of the word Mary is the particular person called Mary who is being spoken of, while the referent of the word me is the person uttering the sentence. Two expressions which have the same referent are said to be co-referential. In the sentence John had his dog with him, for instance, the noun John and the pronoun him are co-referential, since they both refer to the same person (John).
It (pronoun)
In Modern English, it is a singular, neuter, third-person pronoun. In Modern English, it has only three shapes representing five word forms: it: the nominative (subjective) and accusative (objective) forms. (The accusative case is also called the "oblique".) its: the dependent and independent genitive (possessive) forms itself: the reflexive form Historically, though, the morphology is more complex. Old English had a single third-person pronoun – from the Proto-Germanic demonstrative base *khi-, from PIE *ko- "this" – which had a plural and three genders in the singular.
One (pronoun)
One is an English language, gender-neutral, indefinite pronoun that means, roughly, "a person". For purposes of verb agreement it is a third-person singular pronoun, though it sometimes appears with first- or second-person reference. It is sometimes called an impersonal pronoun. It is more or less equivalent to the Scots "a body", the French pronoun on, the German/Scandinavian man, and the Spanish uno. It can take the possessive form one's and the reflexive form oneself, or it can adopt those forms from the generic he with his and himself.
They
In Modern English, they is a third-person pronoun relating to a grammatical subject. In Standard Modern English, they has five distinct word forms: they: the nominative (subjective) form them: the accusative (objective, called the 'oblique'.) and a non-standard determinative form. their: the dependent genitive (possessive) form theirs: independent genitive form themselves: prototypical reflexive form themself: derivative reflexive form (nonstandard; now chiefly used instead of "himself or herself" as a reflexive epicenity for they in pronominal reference to a singular referent) Old English had a single third-person pronoun hē, which had both singular and plural forms, and they wasn't among them.
Pragmatique (linguistique)
La pragmatique est une branche de la linguistique qui s'intéresse aux éléments du langage dont le sens ne peut être compris qu'en connaissant le contexte de leur emploi. La pragmatique est née au aux États-Unis mais elle a commencé à se développer surtout après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dès le , , s’appuyant sur le "scepticisme spéculatif" de la réalité, ont soutenu l’idée que la pensée ne saurait jamais aller au-delà d’une connaissance pratique.