Advanced Mobile Phone System

Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) was an analog mobile phone system standard originally developed by Bell Labs and later modified in a cooperative effort between Bell Labs and Motorola. It was officially introduced in the Americas on October 13, 1983, and was deployed in many other countries too, including Israel in 1986, Australia in 1987, Singapore in 1988, and Pakistan in 1990. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies such as AT&T and Verizon Communications have discontinued this service permanently. AMPS was discontinued in Australia in September 2000, in Pakistan by October 2004, in Israel by January 2010, and Brazil by 2010. History of mobile phones The first cellular network efforts began at Bell Labs and with research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, John F. Mitchell became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile-communication products, and oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for automobiles, but these large and heavy models consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included the gifted Dr. Martin Cooper, developed portable cellular telephony. Cooper and Mitchell were among the Motorola employees granted a patent for this work in 1973. The first call on the prototype connected, reportedly, to a wrong number. While Motorola was developing a cellular phone, from 1968 to 1983 Bell Labs worked out a system called Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), which became the first cellular network standard in the United States. The first system was successfully deployed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1979. Motorola and others designed and built the cellular phones for this and other cellular systems. Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the first cellular handset in 1973 and made the first phone call from it.

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Concepts associés (7)

thumb|right|upright=0.6|Motorola DynaTac 8000X, téléphone mobile AMPS, 1984. Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) est une norme de téléphonie mobile analogique américaine de génération développée par les Bell Labs et dont les expérimentations ont débuté en Amérique du Nord en 1978, puis au Canada, au Royaume-Uni, en Australie et dans quelques autres pays. L’AMPS a été le premier système de téléphonie mobile analogique commercialisé à grande échelle en Amérique du Nord dans les années 1980 et dans les années 1990.

AT&T Mobility

AT&T Mobility LLC, anciennement Cingular Wireless LLC,est un opérateur nord-américain spécialisé dans les réseaux de téléphonie mobile ; c'est une filiale du groupe de télécommunications américain AT&T, considéré comme l'opérateur historique du pays. Ce fut au départ une coentreprise créée en 2001 entre SBC Communications (qui s'est renommé entre-temps AT&T, à la suite du rachat de l'ancien opérateur historique : AT&T Corporation) et de BellSouth, détenue à 60 % par le premier et à 40 % par le second.

2G is a short notation for second-generation cellular network, a group of technology standards employed for cellular networks. 2G was commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991. After 2G was launched, the previous mobile wireless network systems were retroactively dubbed 1G. While radio signals on 1G networks are analog, radio signals on 2G networks are digital, though both systems use digital signaling to connect cellular radio towers to the rest of the mobile network system.