Pavage carré tronqué

In geometry, the truncated square tiling is a semiregular tiling by regular polygons of the Euclidean plane with one square and two octagons on each vertex. This is the only edge-to-edge tiling by regular convex polygons which contains an octagon. It has Schläfli symbol of t{4,4}. Conway calls it a truncated quadrille, constructed as a truncation operation applied to a square tiling (quadrille). Other names used for this pattern include Mediterranean tiling and octagonal tiling, which is often represented by smaller squares, and nonregular octagons which alternate long and short edges. There are 3 regular and 8 semiregular tilings in the plane. There are two distinct uniform colorings of a truncated square tiling. (Naming the colors by indices around a vertex (4.8.8): 122, 123.) The truncated square tiling can be used as a circle packing, placing equal diameter circles at the center of every point. Every circle is in contact with 3 other circles in the packing (kissing number). One variations on this pattern, often called a Mediterranean pattern, is shown in stone tiles with smaller squares and diagonally aligned with the borders. Other variations stretch the squares or octagons. The Pythagorean tiling alternates large and small squares, and may be seen as topologically identical to the truncated square tiling. The squares are rotated 45 degrees and octagons are distorted into squares with mid-edge vertices. A weaving pattern also has the same topology, with octagons flattened rectangles. The truncated square tiling is topologically related as a part of sequence of uniform polyhedra and tilings with vertex figures 4.2n.2n, extending into the hyperbolic plane: The 3-dimensional bitruncated cubic honeycomb projected into the plane shows two copies of a truncated tiling. In the plane it can be represented by a compound tiling, or combined can be seen as a chamfered square tiling. Drawing the tiles colored as red on the original faces, yellow at the original vertices, and blue along the original edges, all 8 forms are distinct.

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Concepts associés (8)

List of Euclidean uniform tilings

This table shows the 11 convex uniform tilings (regular and semiregular) of the Euclidean plane, and their dual tilings. There are three regular and eight semiregular tilings in the plane. The semiregular tilings form new tilings from their duals, each made from one type of irregular face. John Conway called these uniform duals Catalan tilings, in parallel to the Catalan solid polyhedra. Uniform tilings are listed by their vertex configuration, the sequence of faces that exist on each vertex. For example 4.

Pavage carré adouci

In geometry, the snub square tiling is a semiregular tiling of the Euclidean plane. There are three triangles and two squares on each vertex. Its Schläfli symbol is s{4,4}. Conway calls it a snub quadrille, constructed by a snub operation applied to a square tiling (quadrille). There are 3 regular and 8 semiregular tilings in the plane. There are two distinct uniform colorings of a snub square tiling. (Naming the colors by indices around a vertex (3.3.4.3.4): 11212, 11213.

Notation de Conway des polyèdres

La notation de Conway des polyèdres est une notation des polyèdres développée par le mathématicien John Horton Conway. Elle est utilisée pour décrire des polyèdres à partir d'un polyèdre « mère » modifié par diverses opérations. Les polyèdres mères sont les solides de Platon. John Conway a généralisé l'utilisation d'opérateurs, tels la définie par Kepler, afin de générer d'une mère des polyèdres de même symétrie. Ses opérateurs peuvent générer des mères tous les solides d'Archimède et de Catalan.