Concept
Opérateur (physique)
Concepts associés (24)
Spectrum (physical sciences)
In the physical sciences, the term spectrum was introduced first into optics by Isaac Newton in the 17th century, referring to the range of colors observed when white light was dispersed through a prism. Soon the term referred to a plot of light intensity or power as a function of frequency or wavelength, also known as a spectral density plot. Later it expanded to apply to other waves, such as sound waves and sea waves that could also be measured as a function of frequency (e.g., noise spectrum, sea wave spectrum).
State space (physics)
In physics, a state space is an abstract space in which different "positions" represent, not literal locations, but rather states of some physical system. This makes it a type of phase space. Specifically, in quantum mechanics a state space is a complex Hilbert space in which each unit vector represents a different state that could come out of a measurement. Each unit vector specifies a different dimension, so the numbers of dimensions in this Hilbert space depends on the system we choose to describe.
Théorème d'Ehrenfest
Le théorème d'Ehrenfest, du nom du physicien Paul Ehrenfest, relie la dérivée temporelle de la valeur moyenne d'un opérateur quantique au commutateur de cet opérateur avec le hamiltonien du système. Ce théorème concerne notamment tous les systèmes vérifiant le principe de correspondance. Le théorème d'Ehrenfest affirme que la dérivée temporelle de la valeur moyenne d’un opérateur (où l'opérateur qui renvoie la dérivée temporelle de l'observable concerné) est donnée par : où est un opérateur quantique quelconque et sa valeur moyenne.
Time translation symmetry
Time translation symmetry or temporal translation symmetry (TTS) is a mathematical transformation in physics that moves the times of events through a common interval. Time translation symmetry is the law that the laws of physics are unchanged (i.e. invariant) under such a transformation. Time translation symmetry is a rigorous way to formulate the idea that the laws of physics are the same throughout history. Time translation symmetry is closely connected, via the Noether theorem, to conservation of energy.