Maladie de Minkowski-ChauffardLa maladie de Minkowski-Chauffard ou microsphérocytose héréditaire ou sphérocytose héréditaire est une maladie génétique, caractérisée par une anomalie des protéines constituant la membrane des globules rouges qui deviennent sphériques et fragiles, avec destruction intrasplénique, entrainant une anémie hémolytique chronique, un subictère et une splénomégalie. Il s'agit de la cause la plus fréquente d'hémolyse chronique héréditaire dans les pays occidentaux. Sa prévalence est d'environ un cas pour .
Megaloblastic anemiaMegaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage. This leads to continuing cell growth without division, which presents as macrocytosis. Megaloblastic anemia has a rather slow onset, especially when compared to that of other anemias.
Hemolytic anemiaHemolytic anemia or haemolytic anaemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). This most commonly occurs within the spleen, but also can occur in the reticuloendothelial system or mechanically (prosthetic valve damage). Hemolytic anemia accounts for 5% of all existing anemias. It has numerous possible consequences, ranging from general symptoms to life-threatening systemic effects.
