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Zabulistan (زابلستان, Zābulistān, Zābolistān, Zāwulistān or simply زابل Zābul, زابل Zābəl), was a historical region in southern Afghanistan roughly corresponding to the modern provinces of Zabul and Ghazni. Following the Ghaznavid rule (977–1186), "Zabul" became largely synonymous with the name of its capital and main city, Ghazni. By the tenth century, Islamic sources mention Zabulistan as part of the Khorasan marches, a frontier region between Khorasan and India. In the Tarikh-i Sistan, finished around 1062 CE, the author regards Zabul as part of the land of Sistan, stretching from the Hamun Oasis all the way to the Indus River. Today, the modern Afghan province of Zabul and the Iranian city Zabol take their names from the historical region. Zabulistan has become popularized as the birthplace of the character Rostam of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, in which the word "Zabulistan" is used interchangeably with "Sistan", which was another historical region, located in present-day eastern Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan Province) and southwestern Afghanistan (Nimruz, Helmand and Kandahar). Zābulistān (زابلستان) which is the Persian name of the region, literally means "the land of Zābul". The etymology of the name Zābul has been marred with speculation. The German historian Marquart, proposed the word, including its uncommon Medieval variant Jāwulistān (جابلستان) as being a variation of the Sanskrit term. Others have speculated that the word zābul might be an abbreviation of zūnbīl, a supposed royal title of the region known from Arabic sources, earlier read as rutbīl, and now used to refer to a local dynasty of Zamindawar now called the Zunbils. This notion however currently stands on loose ground, and Minorsky holds that the consonant resemblance between these two words look merely fortuitous. Jāguḍa (जागुड), meaning saffron, was the Sanskrit name of the region. It is also regarded as being referred to by this name in 644 CE by the Chinese traveling monk Xuanzang in the Chinese transliteration Tsau-kü-ta.

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Concepts associés (16)

Zamindawar

Zamindawar is a historical region of Afghanistan. It is a very large and fertile valley the main sources for irrigation is the Helmand River. Zamindawar is located in the greater territory of northern Helmand and encompasses the approximate area of modern-day Baghran, Musa Qala, Naw Zad, Kajaki and Sangin districts. It was a district of hills, and of wide, well populated, and fertile valleys watered by important tributaries of the Helmand. The principal town was Musa Qala, which stands on the banks of a river of the same name, about 60 km north of the city of Grishk.

Zunbils

Les Zunbils sont une dynastie du sud de l'Hindou Kouch, dans le sud de l'Afghanistan, qui règne sur la région du jusqu'à la conquête islamique de l'Afghanistan en 870. Les Zunbils semblent être l'un des descendants des dirigeants sud-hephtalites du Zaboulistan et être culturellement reliés à la Grande Inde. La dynastie était liée à celle des Shahiyas du nord-est de Kaboul. « Il suit du rapport de Huei-chao que avait deux fils : celui qui a régné après lui en Kapissa-Gandhara et un autre qui est devenu le roi de Zabol ».

Kandahar (province)

Kandahar ou Kandahâr est l'une des plus grandes des trente-quatre provinces de l'Afghanistan. Elle est située dans le Sud de l'Afghanistan, entre l'Helmand, l'Orozgân et la province de Zâbol. Sa capitale est la ville de Kandahar, qui est située sur la rivière Arghandab. La province compte 1 151 100 habitants, dont plus de 450 000 pour la seule capitale. Les habitants de la province de Kandahâr sont principalement des Pachtounes.