SattvaSattva (devanāgarī: सत्त्व) est un terme sanskrit qui signifie notamment : . Dans la philosophie du Sāṃkhya, sattva (blanc) est l'une des trois qualités (guṇa) de la nature, l'essence sainte de la pureté et de la vérité, luminosité, élément de légèreté, de transparence. Dans le chapitre quatorze de la Bhagavad-Gītā, Krishna explique à Arjuna ce que sont les trois guṇa, qualités de Prakṛti à l'état manifesté.
ShakhaA shakha (Sanskrit , "branch" or "limb") is a Hindu theological school that specializes in learning certain Vedic texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school. An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a . The term is also used in Hindu philosophy to refer to an adherent of a particular orthodox system.
PratyabhijnaPratyabhijñā or Pratyabhigyā (pratyabhijñā) is an idealistic, monistic, and theistic school of philosophy in Kashmir Shaivism which originated in the ninth century CE. The term Trika was used by Abhinavagupta to represent the whole of Kashmir Shaivism, or to designate the Pratyabhijñā system. The name of the system is derived from its most famous work, Īśvara-pratyabhijñā-kārikā by Utpaladeva. Etymologically, pratyabhijñā is formed from prati- ("re-") + abhi- ("closely") + *jñā ("to know"), so the meaning is "direct knowledge of one's self," "recognition.
JayatirthaSri Jayatirtha (), also known as Teekacharya () (1345 - 1388), was a Hindu philosopher, dialectician, polemicist and the sixth pontiff of Madhvacharya Peetha from (1365 – 1388). He is considered to be one of the most important seers in the history of Dvaita school of thought on account of his sound elucidations of the works of Madhvacharya. He is credited with structuring the philosophical aspects of Dvaita and through his polemical works, elevating it to an equal footing with the contemporary schools of thought.
RajasRajas (Sanskrit: रजस्) is one of the three guṇas (tendencies, qualities, attributes), a philosophical and psychological concept developed by the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. The other two qualities are sattva (goodness, balance) and tamas (lethargy, violence, disorder). Rajas is innate tendency or quality that drives motion, energy and activity. Rajas is sometimes translated as passion, where it is used in the sense of activity, without any particular value and it can contextually be either good or bad.
AjñanaAjñāna (अज्ञान) was one of the nāstika or "heterodox" schools of ancient Indian philosophy, and the ancient school of radical Indian skepticism. It was a Śramaṇa movement and a major rival of early Buddhism, Jainism and the Ājīvika school. They have been recorded in Buddhist and Jain texts. They held that it was impossible to obtain knowledge of metaphysical nature or ascertain the truth value of philosophical propositions; and even if knowledge was possible, it was useless and disadvantageous for final salvation.
KanadaKaṇāda (ou Kanad, Sanskrit कणाद) était un sage Hindou qui a fondé l'école philosophique Vaisheshika. Il vivait probablement vers 600 av. J.-C., et on pense qu'il est né à Prabhas Kshetra (près de Dwaraka) dans le Gujarat en Inde. Kanada, comme le sage Kapila (fondateur mythique de la philosophie hindoue Samkhya) sont l'un et l'autre appelés par leurs disciples : Tirthankara, « qui fait passer le gué », titre identique aux grands maîtres omniscients du jaïnisme . On lui attribue la composition des Vaisheshika Sutra.
