AnagarikaIn Buddhism, an anagārika (Pali, 'homeless one', əˈnəɡɑːrɪkə; f. anagārikā əˈnəɡɑːrɪkɑː) is a person who has given up most or all of their worldly possessions and responsibilities to commit full-time to Buddhist practice. It is a midway status between a bhikkhu or bhikkhuni (fully ordained monastics) and laypersons. An anagārika takes the Eight Precepts, and might remain in this state for life. Anagārikas usually wear white clothes or robes, depending on the tradition they follow.
Royaume d'AnurâdhapuraAnuradhapura Kingdom (Sinhala: අනුරාධපුර රාජධානිය, translit: Anurādhapura Rājadhāniya, Tamil: அனுராதபுர இராச்சியம்), named for its capital city, was the first established kingdom in ancient Sri Lanka related to the Sinhalese people. Founded by King Pandukabhaya in 437 BC, the kingdom's authority extended throughout the country, although several independent areas emerged from time to time which expanded towards the end of the kingdom. Nonetheless, the king of Anuradhapura was seen as the supreme ruler of the entire island throughout the Anuradhapura period.
MaechiMaechi or Mae chee (แม่ชี; mɛ̂ː.t͡ɕhiː) are Buddhist monastics in Thailand who have dedicated their life to religion, vowing celibacy, living an ascetic life and taking the Eight or Ten Precepts (i.e., more than the Five Precepts taken by laypersons). They occupy a position similar to sāmaṇerī. It is still illegal for women to take full ordination as a bhikkhuni (nun) in Thailand because of a 1928 law created by the Supreme Patriarch of Thailand. He based this on the belief that Gautama Buddha allowed senior bhikkhunis to initiate new women into the order.
ShramaneraA sāmaṇera (Pali), श्रामणेर (), is a novice male monastic in a Buddhist context. A female novice is a śrāmaṇerī or śrāmaṇerikā (Sanskrit; Pāli: sāmaṇerī). The sāmaṇera is a Pali language diminutive equivalent to the Sanskrit term śrāmaṇera, which indicates an ascetic practitioner. Therefore, sāmaṇera might be said to mean "small or young renunciate". In some South and Southeast Asian Buddhist traditions, the term refers to someone who has taken the initial pravrajya vows but not the upasampada or full ordination.
Pali CanonThe Pāli Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language. It is the most complete extant early Buddhist canon. It derives mainly from the Tamrashatiya school. During the First Buddhist Council, three months after the parinibbana of Gautama Buddha in Rajgir, Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka, and Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka. The Arhats present accepted the recitations, and henceforth, the teachings were preserved orally by the Sangha.
BhikshuBhikshu, IAST Bhikṣu, mot sanskrit (féminin : bhikṣuṇī, pali : bhikkhu ; chinois : ( pour une femme) ; japonais : , pour une femme) ; en tibétain, pour les novices, Getsul au masculin et Getsulma au féminin, pour les moines pleinement ordonnés Gelong au masculin et au féminin ; signifie littéralement : mendiant ; dans le bouddhisme, ce terme désigne les moines, du fait qu'ils ne peuvent, en principe, mettre de côté de la nourriture, mais doivent la quêter. Les moines et nonnes constituent le sangha.
Patimokkhavignette|Moine Bouddhiste dans le temple de Uposatha en Thaïlande. Patimokkha (?, (pāṭimokkha) ou pratimokṣa (प्रतिमोक्ष, pratimokṣa, prati signifie, « avancer », « en avant » et mokṣa signifie « libération » (dans le sens de libération de l'existence cyclique)) ou encore prātimokṣa, est dans le bouddhisme le nom donné à un ensemble de règles de conduite; dans l'école theravada elles sont 227 réparties en sept sections, devant être respectées par les moines (bhikkhu). Il fait partie du Suttavibhanga, division du Vinaya Pitaka.
SanghamittaSaṅghamittā (Saṅghamitrā in Sanskrit, nun's name Ayapali; 282 BC – 203 BC) was an Indian Buddhist nun and the eldest daughter of Emperor Ashoka (304 BC – 232 BC) and his first wife, Devi. Together with her brother Mahinda, she entered an order of Buddhist monks. The two siblings later went to Sri Lanka to spread the teachings of Buddha at the request of King Devanampiya Tissa (250 BC – 210 BC) who was a contemporary of Ashoka. Ashoka was initially reluctant to send his daughter on an overseas mission.
MahindaMahinda (pali, sanskrit : महिन्द्र; Mahindra), (c.282-222 ) né dans le Magadha, maintenant dans le Bihar en Inde, est un moine bouddhiste décrit comme l'introducteur du bouddhisme au Sri Lanka. Il était le fils de l'empereur Maurya Ashoka. Les deux grandes chroniques religieuses du Sri Lanka, le Dipavamsa et le Mahavamsa, relatent son voyage dans le pays et la conversion au bouddhisme du roi Devanampiya Tissa. D'autres références littéraires et des inscriptions montrent que le bouddhisme est devenu prévalent au Sri Lanka vers le , pendant la période où Mahinda y vivait .
VesakVesak (Pali : Vesākha, Vaiśākha), également connu sous les noms de Wesak, Buddha Purnima et Buddha Day, est une fête traditionnellement observée par les bouddhistes et certains hindouistes, en Inde, au Sri Lanka, au Népal, au Tibet, au Bangladesh, au Bhoutan, en Indonésie, à Singapour, en Thaïlande, au Cambodge, au Laos, en Malaisie, au Myanmar, en Mongolie, aux Philippines, en Chine, au Japon, en Corée du Sud, en Corée du Nord, à Taiwan et au Vietnam comme « l' anniversaire de Bouddha », ainsi que dans d'au
