Combat vehicle

A combat vehicle, also known as a ground combat vehicle, is a land-based military vehicle intended to be used for combat operations. They differ from non-combat military vehicles such as trucks in that they are designed for use in active combat zones, to be used in mechanized warfare and mobile infantry roles. The classification of "combat vehicle" is a very broad category, and may include armored cars, armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles, infantry mobility vehicles, MRAPs, and tanks. Improvised fighting vehicles such as technicals can also count as combat vehicles. Most modern combat vehicles have vehicle armor, offensive or defensive weaponry, and sufficient space to carry passengers, equipment, or materiel; if the first two both apply, the vehicle may be considered an armored fighting vehicle. For much of history, most soldiers not fighting on foot (e.g. cavalry) used military animals such as horses or elephants, as land vehicles for the most part did not exist. One of the earliest forms of "combat vehicles" was the chariot. In ancient warfare, chariots were used as "battle taxis" and mobile archery platforms during the Bronze and Iron ages. However, weaponry was not installed on the vehicle, relying on the soldier's carried weapon for armament, and armor was effectively limited to a shield and the thin structure of the chariot, if those were even available or sufficient. With the invention of the automobile, combat vehicles took varying forms, ranging from the lightly-armored passenger cars of the World War I era to the widely-fielded Willys MB of World War II, along with a wide variety of other combat vehicles such as half-tracks and multiple classifications of tanks. Development of combat vehicles continued into the Cold War as military tactics and technology evolved, diversifying the role of vehicles in war and making them an essential aspect of modern warfare. The automation of human tasks endeavors to reduce the required crew size with improvements in robotics.

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Concepts associés (14)

Véhicule terrestre militaire

Les véhicules terrestres servent aussi bien d'unités de combats, d'outil de liaison, de transmissions, ou encore de transport de troupes. Dès la plus haute Antiquité, les hommes ont utilisé des véhicules attelés de bœufs, d’onagres, puis de chevaux pour se rendre au combat, puis pour combattre. En effet, compte tenu des distances sur lesquelles les civilisations antiques opéraient, les sociétés antiques connaissaient probablement des rudiments de logistique. Ainsi alors que la domestication du cheval apparaît au cours du millénaire av.

Combat vehicle

Rôle du cheval dans la guerre

vignette|upright=1.2|Le de hussards à la bataille de Friedland, par Édouard Detaille. La première utilisation du cheval dans la guerre remonte à plus de cinq mille ans, les plus anciennes preuves d'utilisation guerrière de chevaux en Eurasie datant d'entre 4000 et Une illustration sumérienne d'une scène de guerre datée de représente des équidés tirant des chariots. Vers , de nouveaux harnais et de nouveaux chars rendent leur utilisation guerrière plus fréquente à travers le Proche-Orient ancien.