Noncommutative ringIn mathematics, a noncommutative ring is a ring whose multiplication is not commutative; that is, there exist a and b in the ring such that ab and ba are different. Equivalently, a noncommutative ring is a ring that is not a commutative ring. Noncommutative algebra is the part of ring theory devoted to study of properties of the noncommutative rings, including the properties that apply also to commutative rings. Sometimes the term noncommutative ring is used instead of ring to refer to an unspecified ring which is not necessarily commutative, and hence may be commutative.
Center (ring theory)In algebra, the center of a ring R is the subring consisting of the elements x such that xy = yx for all elements y in R. It is a commutative ring and is denoted as ; "Z" stands for the German word Zentrum, meaning "center". If R is a ring, then R is an associative algebra over its center. Conversely, if R is an associative algebra over a commutative subring S, then S is a subring of the center of R, and if S happens to be the center of R, then the algebra R is called a central algebra.
Central simple algebraIn ring theory and related areas of mathematics a central simple algebra (CSA) over a field K is a finite-dimensional associative K-algebra A which is simple, and for which the center is exactly K. (Note that not every simple algebra is a central simple algebra over its center: for instance, if K is a field of characteristic 0, then the Weyl algebra is a simple algebra with center K, but is not a central simple algebra over K as it has infinite dimension as a K-module.
Équivalence de MoritaEn algèbre, et plus précisément en théorie des anneaux, l'équivalence de Morita est une relation entre anneaux. Elle est nommée d'après le mathématicien japonais Kiiti Morita qui l'a introduite dans un article de 1958. L'étude d'un anneau consiste souvent à explorer la catégorie des modules sur cet anneau. Deux anneaux sont en équivalence de Morita précisément lorsque leurs catégories de modules sont équivalentes. L'équivalence de Morita présente surtout un intérêt dans l'étude des anneaux non commutatifs.
