FéroïenLe féroïen ou féringien (Føroyskt mál en féroïen ; prononcé : ) est une langue germanique, appartenant au sous-groupe occidental des langues scandinaves. Il est principalement parlé dans les îles Féroé, mais aussi par les Féroïens installés au Danemark, représentant un peu moins de . L'alphabet féroïen compte 29 lettres : Le C, le Q, le W, le X et le Z n'y figurent pas. Prononciation du féroïen En raison d'une prononciation très différente, les locuteurs islandais et féroïens peuvent difficilement se comprendre, alors que les deux langues sont similaires à l'écrit.
DebuccalizationDebuccalization or deoralization is a sound change or alternation in which an oral consonant loses its original place of articulation and moves it to the glottis (usually h, ɦ, or ʔ). The pronunciation of a consonant as [h] is sometimes called aspiration, but in phonetics, aspiration is the burst of air accompanying a stop. The word comes from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek" or "mouth". Debuccalization is usually seen as a subtype of lenition, which is often defined as a sound change involving the weakening of a consonant by progressive shifts in pronunciation.
PreaspirationIn phonetics, preaspiration (sometimes spelled pre-aspiration) is a period of voicelessness or aspiration preceding the closure of a voiceless obstruent, basically equivalent to an [h]-like sound preceding the obstruent. In other words, when an obstruent is preaspirated, the glottis is opened for some time before the obstruent closure. To mark preaspiration using the International Phonetic Alphabet, the diacritic for regular aspiration, h, can be placed before the preaspirated consonant.
Prononciation du danoisPour plus d'information sur la langue danoise, rapportez-vous à l'article principal. thumb|Prononciation de l'alphabet danois. Ci-dessous se trouve la prononciation du danois, transcrite en symboles de l'Alphabet phonétique international. 1) c = devant e, i, y, æ ou ø, devant a, o, u et une autre consonne. La combinaison ch = dans les mots français, dans les mots anglais. 2) d ne se prononce pas après l, n ou r et avant t et s. 3) h = n'est pas prononcé avant v ou j. 4) b = dans la prononciation quotidienne de quelques mots (e.
Complementary distributionIn linguistics, complementary distribution, as distinct from contrastive distribution and free variation, is the relationship between two different elements of the same kind in which one element is found in one set of environments and the other element is found in a non-intersecting (complementary) set of environments. The term often indicates that two superficially-different elements are the same linguistic unit at a deeper level, though more than two elements can be in complementary distribution with one another.
Esprit rudeL’esprit rude est un signe diacritique de l’alphabet grec utilisé : dans l’écriture du grec ancien et du grec moderne polytonique, dans d’autres alphabets comme l’alphabet cyrillique, dans l’écriture du vieux-slave ou du slavon d’église, dans plusieurs systèmes de translittération. Il est aussi parfois utilisé dans l’écriture copte sous sa forme archaïque. En grec ancien, il note la présence d’une aspiration /h/ avant une voyelle, une diphtongue ou la lettre rhô. Par opposition, l’absence du son /h/ est notée par un esprit doux.
Nasal releaseIn phonetics, a nasal release is the release of a stop consonant into a nasal. Such sounds are transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with superscript nasal letters, for example as [tn] in English catnip [ˈkætnnɪp]. In English words such as sudden in which historically the tongue made separate contacts with the alveolar ridge for the /d/ and /n/, [ˈsʌdən], many speakers today make only one contact. That is, the /d/ is released directly into the /n/: [ˈsʌdnn̩].
Pre-voicingPrevoicing, in phonetics, is voicing before the onset of a consonant or beginning with the onset of the consonant but ending before its release. In the extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for speech pathology, prevoicing is transcribed with a voicing diacritic ( ̬, U+032C) placed in front of the consonant, as in [ ̬d].
Underlying representationIn some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have been applied to it. In contrast, a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound. The concept of an underlying representation is central to generative grammar.
