Concept
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
Concepts associés (15)
Estrogen (medication)
An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. They can also be used in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers like breast cancer and prostate cancer and for various other indications. Estrogens are used alone or in combination with progestogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration.
Cyproterone acetate
Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women, and in birth control pills. It is formulated and used both alone and in combination with an estrogen.
Chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone acetate (CMA), sold under the brand names Belara, Gynorelle, Lutéran, and Prostal among others, is a progestin and antiandrogen medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, as a component of menopausal hormone therapy, in the treatment of gynecological disorders, and in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions like enlarged prostate and prostate cancer in men and acne and hirsutism in women.
Estramustine phosphate
Estramustine phosphate (EMP), also known as estradiol normustine phosphate and sold under the brand names Emcyt and Estracyt, is a dual estrogen and chemotherapy medication which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer in men. It is taken multiple times a day by mouth or by injection into a vein. Side effects of EMP include nausea, vomiting, gynecomastia, feminization, demasculinization, sexual dysfunction, blood clots, and cardiovascular complications.
Adénomyose
vignette|Adénomyose utérine vue au courant d'une laparoscopie : utérus mou et hypertrophié ; les points bleus représentent l'endométriose sous-séreuse. L'adénomyose est un type d'endométriose interne ; elle est définie par la présence de glandes endométriales et de stroma cytogène à l’intérieur du myomètre. Les foyers kystiques endométriosiques restent en communication avec la cavité utérine. Le myomètre n'est que rarement colonisé. L'adénomyose affecte souvent les femmes multipares en âge de procréer.
Léiomyome utérin
vignette|Léiomyomes utérins. Un 'léiomyome utérin (également nommé de façon impropre fibrome ou fibromyome utérin') est un myome (tumeur bénigne de tissu musculaire œstrogénodépendante) touchant l'utérus. C'est une maladie bénigne caractérisée par l'apparition de tumeurs mésenchymateuses hormonosensibles dans le muscle lisse utérin. Ces tumeurs ne constituent donc pas un cancer. La dégénérescence maligne (cancer appelé léiomyosarcome) est extrêmement rare et ne concerne que de 0,1 à 0,5 % des myomes.
Nilutamide
Nilutamide, sold under the brand names Nilandron and Anandron, is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It has also been studied as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women and to treat acne and seborrhea in women. It is taken by mouth. Side effects in men include breast tenderness and enlargement, feminization, sexual dysfunction, and hot flashes. Nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, alcohol intolerance, elevated liver enzymes, and lung disease can occur in both sexes.
Bicalutamide
Bicalutamide, sold under the brand name Casodex among others, is an antiandrogen medication that is primarily used to treat prostate cancer. It is typically used together with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue or surgical removal of the testicles to treat metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). To a lesser extent, it is used at high doses for locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) as a monotherapy without castration.
Dienogest
Dienogest, sold under the brand name Visanne among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills and in the treatment of endometriosis. It is also used in menopausal hormone therapy and to treat heavy periods. Dienogest is available both alone and in combination with estrogens. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of dienogest include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, depression, and acne, among others.
Diéthylstilbestrol
Le diéthylstilbestrol (DES) est un diphénol de synthèse aux propriétés œstrogéniques puissantes. Synthétisé au Royaume-Uni en 1938, il fut d'abord commercialisé en tant que médicament dans ce pays sous le nom de Stilbestrol-Borne, puis dans d'autres pays (dont la France) sous le nom de Distilbène ou encore de Stilboestrol. D'abord prescrit par des médecins en 1938 aux femmes qui subissaient des avortements spontanés à répétition (aussi appelés fausses couches) ou des accouchements prématurés, le DES fut alors considéré comme un moyen sûr de prévenir ces avortements spontanés à répétition et de réduire les menaces d'accouchements prématurés.