Estrogen (medication)An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. They can also be used in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers like breast cancer and prostate cancer and for various other indications. Estrogens are used alone or in combination with progestogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration.
Cyproterone acetateCyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women, and in birth control pills. It is formulated and used both alone and in combination with an estrogen.
Chlormadinone acetateChlormadinone acetate (CMA), sold under the brand names Belara, Gynorelle, Lutéran, and Prostal among others, is a progestin and antiandrogen medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, as a component of menopausal hormone therapy, in the treatment of gynecological disorders, and in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions like enlarged prostate and prostate cancer in men and acne and hirsutism in women.
Estramustine phosphateEstramustine phosphate (EMP), also known as estradiol normustine phosphate and sold under the brand names Emcyt and Estracyt, is a dual estrogen and chemotherapy medication which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer in men. It is taken multiple times a day by mouth or by injection into a vein. Side effects of EMP include nausea, vomiting, gynecomastia, feminization, demasculinization, sexual dysfunction, blood clots, and cardiovascular complications.
Adénomyosevignette|Adénomyose utérine vue au courant d'une laparoscopie : utérus mou et hypertrophié ; les points bleus représentent l'endométriose sous-séreuse. L'adénomyose est un type d'endométriose interne ; elle est définie par la présence de glandes endométriales et de stroma cytogène à l’intérieur du myomètre. Les foyers kystiques endométriosiques restent en communication avec la cavité utérine. Le myomètre n'est que rarement colonisé. L'adénomyose affecte souvent les femmes multipares en âge de procréer.
Léiomyome utérinvignette|Léiomyomes utérins. Un 'léiomyome utérin (également nommé de façon impropre fibrome ou fibromyome utérin') est un myome (tumeur bénigne de tissu musculaire œstrogénodépendante) touchant l'utérus. C'est une maladie bénigne caractérisée par l'apparition de tumeurs mésenchymateuses hormonosensibles dans le muscle lisse utérin. Ces tumeurs ne constituent donc pas un cancer. La dégénérescence maligne (cancer appelé léiomyosarcome) est extrêmement rare et ne concerne que de 0,1 à 0,5 % des myomes.
BicalutamideBicalutamide, sold under the brand name Casodex among others, is an antiandrogen medication that is primarily used to treat prostate cancer. It is typically used together with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue or surgical removal of the testicles to treat metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). To a lesser extent, it is used at high doses for locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) as a monotherapy without castration.
DienogestDienogest, sold under the brand name Visanne among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills and in the treatment of endometriosis. It is also used in menopausal hormone therapy and to treat heavy periods. Dienogest is available both alone and in combination with estrogens. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of dienogest include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, depression, and acne, among others.
