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Concept
Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
Résumé
The boundary commissions in the United Kingdom are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions:
Boundary Commission for England
Boundary Commission for Scotland
Boundary Commission for Wales
Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland
Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The Speaker of the House of Commons is ex officio chairman of each of the boundary commissions. However, the Speaker does not play any part in proceedings, and a Justice is appointed to each boundary commission as Deputy Chairman Commissioner.
The boundary commissions, which are required to report every eight years, must apply a set series of rules when devising constituencies. These rules are set out in the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 1986, as amended by the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and subsequently by the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020.
Firstly, each proposed constituency has to comply with two numerical limits:
the electorate (number of registered voters) of each constituency must be within 5% of the United Kingdom electoral quota. The electoral quota is the average number of electors per constituency, defined as the total mainland electorate divided by the number of mainland constituencies, where "mainland" excludes five island constituencies: Orkney and Shetland, Na h-Eileanan an Iar (Western Isles), Ynys Môn (Isle of Anglesey) and two on the Isle of Wight. The total number of constituencies is fixed at 650.
the area of a constituency must be no more than .
There are a small number of exceptions to the numerical limit on electorate which are specified in the legislation:
the five island constituencies are permitted to have a smaller electorate than the usual limit;
a constituency with an area of more than may have a smaller electorate than the usual limit; and
constituencies in Northern Ireland may be subject to slightly different limits under certain circumstances.
Source officielle
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