Daf (instrument)Le daf, également appelé def, duff, deff, defi, defli ou dap, est un grand tambour sur cadre de la tradition persane utilisé (comme le zarb) pour accompagner la musique iranienne, mais qui est aussi répandu (sans ses anneaux) du Moyen-Orient notamment en Turquie, en Arménie et en Azerbaïdjan jusqu'à la Sibérie en passant par l'Asie centrale. Il est sans doute à l'origine du tar arabo-andalou répandu au Maghreb et qui a atteint l'Europe médiévale.
Logar (province)Logar (لوگر, 'greater mountain'; لوې غر) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan located in the eastern section of the country. It is divided into 7 districts and contains hundreds of villages. Puli Alam is the capital of the province. As of 2021, Logar has a population of approximately 442,037 people, most of whom are ethnic Pashtuns and Tajiks. The Logar River enters the province through the west and leaves to the north. A 2,600-year-old Zoroastrian fire temple was found at Mes Aynak (about 25 miles or 40 kilometers southeast of Kabul).
Durrani dynastyThe Durrani dynasty (سلسله درانیان; د درانيانو کورنۍ) was founded in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani at Kandahar, Afghanistan. He united the different Pashtun tribes and created the Durrani Empire. which at its peak included the modern-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, as well as some parts of northeastern Iran, eastern Turkmenistan, and northwestern India including the Kashmir Valley. The Durranis were replaced by the Barakzai dynasty during the early half of the 19th century.
District de KurramLe district de Kurram (en ourdou : ضِلع کرم) est une subdivision administrative de la province de Khyber Pakhtunkhwa au Pakistan. Il était intégré aux régions tribales jusqu'à leur fusion avec la province en 2018 et était jusqu'alors appelé agence de Kurram. La capitale administrative de la subdivision est Parachinar mais sa plus grande ville est Sadda. La population essentiellement constituée de tribus pachtounes compte près de habitants en 2017. La zone est quasiment exclusivement rurale et peu développée.
WaziristanLe Waziristan (pachto : وزیرستان, « Pays des Wazirs ») est une région montagneuse du nord-ouest du Pakistan, à la frontière de l'Afghanistan, couvrant une surface de . Il est peuplé par des Pachtounes de la tribu des Wazirs. Largement rurale, excentrée et peu développée, la région compte près de 1,2 million d'habitants en 2017. Historiquement, la région avait déjà été le siège d'une résistance à l'Empire britannique, qui depuis l'Inde poursuivait son effort de colonisation des terres alentour (notamment par son rôle de grande puissance prise dans la géopolitique du Grand Jeu), à l'image de la campagne du Waziristan.
Langues du PamirLes langues du Pamir ou langues pamiriennes sont un groupe régional de langues iraniennes orientales, parlées par de nombreuses personnes dans les montagnes du Pamir, principalement le long de la rivière Piandj et de ses affluents. Aux et début du s, la famille linguistique du Pamir était parfois appelée les langues Ghalchah par les érudits occidentaux. Le terme Ghalchah n'est plus utilisé pour désigner les langues du Pamir ou les locuteurs natifs de ces langues.
Roshani movementThe Rōshānī movement (روښاني غورځنګ, "the enlightened movement") was a populist, nonsectarian Sufi movement that was founded in the mid-16th century and arose among Afghan tribes. The movement was founded by the Ormur warrior, poet, Sufi and revolutionary leader Bayazid Ansari, who is more commonly known as Pir Roshan ("Saint of Light Pir (sufi master)"). Bayazid challenged the inequality and social injustice that he saw being practiced by the ruling powers of the Mughal empire.
RohillaRohillas are a mixed Indian community of Pashtun heritage, historically found in Rohilkhand, a region in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It forms the largest Pashtun diaspora community in India, and has given its name to the Rohilkhand region. The Rohilla military chiefs settled in this region of northern India in the 1720s, the first of whom was Ali Mohammed Khan. The Rohillas are found all over Uttar Pradesh, but are more concentrated in the Rohilkhand regions of Bareilly and Moradabad divisions.
Université de PeshawarThe University of Peshawar (د پېښور پوهنتون; پشور یونیورسٹی; ; abbreviated UoP; known more popularly as Peshawar University) is a public research university located in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The university is one of the oldest universities in the province, and is ranked as one of the highest rated universities in the country. The university was founded in 1950 and offers programs for undergraduate, post-graduate, and doctoral studies.
MohammadzaiMohammadzai (محمدزی), also spelled Moḥammadzay (meaning "descendants of Mohammad"), is a Pashtun sub-tribe or clan of the Barakzai which is part of the Durrani confederacy of tribes. They are primarily centered on Kandahar, Kabul and Ghazni in Afghanistan. The Mohammadzai ruled Afghanistan from 1823 to 1978, for a total of 155 years. The monarchy ended under Mohammad Zahir Shah when his brother in law Sardar Daoud Khan took power via a coup. Mohammadzai are the most prominent and powerful branch of the Durrani confederacy, and are primarily centered on Kandahar.
