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Cripplegate was a gate in the London Wall which once enclosed the City of London, England. The Cripplegate gate lent its name to the Cripplegate ward of the City, which encompasses the area where the gate and the former city wall once stood. The ward is divided into two parts: Cripplegate Within and Cripplegate Without, a division that originated from the gate and wall. Each part has a designated beadle and a deputy (alderman). Following boundary changes in 1994 (City) and 2003 (ward), the majority of the ward now falls within Cripplegate Without, as the ward of Bassishaw has expanded significantly into the Cripplegate Within area. Until World War II, the area approximating to Cripplegate Without was commonly known as simply Cripplegate. The area was almost entirely destroyed in the Blitz of World War II, causing the term to fall out of colloquial speech. Cripplegate Without is the site of the Barbican Estate and Barbican Centre, with a small part of these lying in neighbouring Aldersgate Without. The origins of the gate's name are unclear. One theory, bolstered by a mentioning of the gate in the fourth law code of Æthelred the Unready and a charter of William the Conqueror from 1068 under the name "Crepelgate", is that it takes its name from the Anglo-Saxon word crepel, meaning a covered or underground passageway. Another unsubstantiated theory suggests it is named after the cripples who used to beg there. The name of the nearby medieval church of St Giles-without-Cripplegate lends credence to this suggestion as Saint Giles is the patron saint of cripples and lepers. It was initially the northern gate to the Roman city walls, built around AD 120 or 150, eighty years before the rest of the wall was completed. It appeared to have been used as part of the Roman city walls until at least the 10th-11th centuries. Cripplegate was rebuilt during the 1490s and was unhinged and fortified with a portcullis after Charles II became king in 1660. It was eventually demolished in 1760; much of Cripplegate was gone by the 19th century and only small fragments of it survive today.

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Concepts associés (7)

Barbican (métro de Londres)

Barbican est une station des lignes : Circle line, Hammersmith & City line et Metropolitan line, du métro de Londres, en zone 1. Elle est située sur la Barbican Estate dans le quartier Barbican Centre de la Cité de Londres (City). La station, alors dénommée Aldersgate Street (nom de la rue sur laquelle elle est située), est mise en service le . Elle est renommée Moorgate le . Barbican Centre Barbican Estate Métro de Londres Transport for London Liste des stations du métro de Londres Liste des stations fermé

Aldersgate

Aldersgate était l'une des sept portes historiques de la Cité de Londres, et l'une des six qui remontent à l'antique Londinium de l'époque romaine, qui a donné son nom à l'un des 25 Wards (quartiers traditionnels) de la City et à Aldersgate Street, une rue qui mène au Nord à partir de la porte, vers Clerkenwell dans le district d'Islington. Aldersgate Street se trouve près du Barbican Estate, du Barbican Centre, de l'hôpital St Bartholomew et du Museum of London. Au nord, elle continue dans Goswell Road, et au sud elle devient St Martin's-le-Grand.

Moorgate

Moorgate was one of the City of London, England's northern gates in its defensive wall, the last to be built. The gate took its name from the Moorfields, an area of marshy land that lay immediately north of the wall. The gate was demolished in 1762, but gave its name to a major street, Moorgate, laid out in 1834. The area around the street and around Moorgate station is informally also referred to as Moorgate. The Moorgate district is home to many financial institutions and has many notable historic and contemporary buildings.