Dosimètre | EPFL Graph Search

thumb|Un lecteur de dosimètre en service de médecine nucléaire Un dosimètre est un instrument de mesure destiné à mesurer la dose radioactive ou l'équivalent de dose reçus par une personne exposée à un rayonnement ionisant, dans le cadre de son activité professionnelle, d'un accident ou d'une radiothérapie vectorisée. Le dosimètre traduit l'irradiation externe. La dosimétrie est une obligation réglementaire imposée à l'employeur pour tout travailleur exposé du fait de son activité si la dose potentielle dépasse la limite admise pour le public. Pour la contamination interne, l'appréciation de la dose est plus complexe. On a d'abord utilisé des modèles jugés peu fiables et ne permettant pas de dosimétrie réellement personnalisée. Des recherches portent sur une dosimétrie de contaminations internes tenant mieux compte de la morphologie de chaque patient ainsi que de la composition et densité des tissus, avec par exemple l'outil OEDIPE, OEDIPE étant ici l'acronym

A novel Lab-on-Fiber Radiation Dosimeter for Ultra-high Dose Monitoring

Georgi Gorine, Federico Ravotti

In this work, we report on the first demonstration of Lab on Fiber (LOF) dosimeter for ionizing radiation monitoring at ultra-high doses. The new dosimeter consists in a metallo-dielectric resonator at subwavelength scale supporting localized surface plasmon resonances realized on the optical fiber (OF) tip. The resonating structure involves two gold gratings separated by a templated dielectric layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Two LOF prototypes have been manufactured and exposed at the IRRAD Proton Facility at CERN in Geneva to 23 GeV protons for a total fluence of 0.67 x 10(16) protons/cm(2,) corresponding to an absorbed dose of 1.8 MGy. Experimental data demonstrated the "radiation resistance" feature of the LOF devices and a clear dependence of the reflected spectrum versus the total dose, expressed by a cumulative blue-shift of similar to 1.4 nm of the resonance combined with a slight increase of 0.16 dBm in the reflected spectrum. The numerical analysis carried out to correlate the experimental results with the dimensional and physical properties of the resonator, expected to be tightly connected to the absorbed dose, suggests that the main phenomenon induced by exposure to proton beam and able to explain the measured spectral behavior is the reduction of the PMMA thickness, which is also consistent with past literature in the field. Preliminary results demonstrated the potentiality of the proposed platform as dosimeter at MGy dose levels for high energy physics experiments.

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP2018

Innovative Lab on Fiber dosimeters for ionizing radiation monitoring at ultra-high doses

Georgi Gorine, Federico Ravotti

We report on a innovative Lab on Fiber (LOF) dosimeter for ionizing radiation monitoring at ultra-high doses. The new dosimeter consists in a metallo-dielectric resonator at sub-wavelength scale supporting localized surface plasmon resonances realized on the optical fiber (OF) tip. The resonating structure involves two gold gratings separated by a templated dielectric layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Two LOF prototypes have been manufactured and exposed, at the IRRAD Proton Facility at CERN in Geneva, to 23 GeV protons for a total fluence of 0.67x10(16) protons/cm(2), corresponding to an absorbed dose of 1.8 MGy. Experimental data demonstrate the "radiation resistance" feature of the LOF devices and a clear dependence of the reflected spectrum on the total dose, expressed by a cumulative blue-shift of similar to 1.4 nm of the resonance combined with a slight increase of 0.16 dBm in the reflected spectrum. According to the numerical analysis and the literature, the main phenomenon induced by exposure to proton beam and able to explain the measured spectral behavior is the reduction of the PMMA thickness. Preliminary results demonstrated the potentiality of the proposed platform as dosimeter at MGy dose levels for High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments.

SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING2019

A real-time optimal inverse planning for Gamma Knife radiosurgery by convex optimization: description of the system and first dosimetry data

Rafael Eduardo Carrillo Rangel, Rémi Charrier, Jean-Philippe Thiran

OBJECTIVE The authors developed a new, real-time interactive inverse planning approach, based on a fully convex framework, to be used for Gamma Knife radiosurgery. METHODS The convex framework is based on the precomputation of a dictionary composed of the individual dose distributions of all possible shots, considering all their possible locations, sizes, and shapes inside the target volume. The convex problem is solved to determine the plan, i.e., which shots and with which weights, that will actually be used, considering a sparsity constraint on the shots to fulfill the constraints while minimizing the beam-on time. The system is called IntuitivePlan and allows data to be transferred from generated dose plans into the Gamma Knife treatment planning software for further dosimetry evaluation. RESULTS The system has been very efficiently implemented, and an optimal plan is usually obtained in less than 1 to 2 minutes, depending on the complexity of the problem, on a desktop computer or in only a few minutes on a high-end laptop. Dosimetry data from 5 cases, 2 meningiomas and 3 vestibular schwannomas, were generated with IntuitivePlan. Results of evaluation of the dosimetry characteristics are very satisfactory and adequate in terms of conformity, selectivity, gradient, protection of organs at risk, and treatment time. CONCLUSIONS The possibility of using optimal, interactive real-time inverse planning in conjunction with the Leksell Gamma Knife opens new perspectives in radiosurgery, especially considering the potential use of the full capabilities of the latest generations of the Leksell Gamma Knife. This approach gives new users the possibility of using the system for easier and quicker access to good-quality plans with a shorter technical training period and opens avenues for new planning strategies for expert users. The use of a convex optimization approach allows an optimal plan to be provided in a very short processing time. This way, innovative graphical user interfaces can be developed, allowing the user to interact directly with the planning system to graphically define the desired dose map and to modify on-the-fly the dose map by moving, in a very user-friendly manner, the isodose surfaces of an initial plan. Further independent quantitative prospective evaluation comparing inverse planned and forward planned cases is warranted to validate this novel and promising treatment planning approach.

AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS2018

A real-time optimal inverse planning for Gamma Knife radiosurgery by convex optimization: description of the system and first dosimetry data

Rafael Eduardo Carrillo Rangel, Rémi Charrier, Jean-Philippe Thiran

AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS2018