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Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) represents one of the major progresses in surgery in the last decade. In general, it is based on the application of small body-cuts through which instruments are inserted into the patient's body allowing the surgeon to carr ...
Gel electrophoresis can be used to separate nicked circular DNA molecules of equal length but forming different knot types. At low electric fields, complex knots drift faster than simpler knots. However, at high electric field the opposite is the case and ...
This thesis concerns optimal packing problems of tubes, or thick curves, where thickness is defined as follows. Three points on a closed space curve define a circle. Taking the infimum over all radii of pairwise-distinct point triples defines the thickness ...
The distance from self-intersection of a (smooth and either closed or infinite) curve q in three dimensions can be characterised via the global radius of curvature at q(s), which is defined as the smallest possible radius amongst all circles passing throug ...
The main subject of the present thesis is the experimental study of the scaling properties of DNA knots of different complexities by tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) in air. Homo- or heterogeneous mixture of DNA knot types were deposited onto mic ...
The scaling properties of DNA knots of different complexities were studied by atomic force microscope. Following two different protocols DNA knots are adsorbed onto a mica surface in regimes of (i) strong binding, that induces a kinetic trapping of the thr ...
Chromosomal and plasmid DNA molecules in bacterial cells are maintained under torsional tension and are therefore supercoiled. With the exception of extreme thermophiles, supercoiling has a negative sign, which means that the torsional tension diminishes t ...
