Le Capitalvignette|150px|Karl Marx Le Capital. Critique de l'économie politique (du titre original allemand Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Ökonomie) est l'ouvrage majeur du philosophe et théoricien de l'économie politique allemand Karl Marx. Marx a consacré plus de 20 ans de sa vie à l'écriture de cette œuvre, mais n’en a achevé qu’une partie : le premier livre, publié le est dédicacé à Wilhelm Wolff, consacré au développement de la production capitaliste. Des brouillons de Marx ont été utilisés par Friedrich Engels pour publier les livres 2 et 3, en 1885 et 1894.
Biens et servicesGoods are items that are usually (but not always) tangible, such as pens, physical books, salt, apples, and hats. Services are activities provided by other people, who include architects, suppliers, contractors, technologists, teachers, doctors, lawn care workers, dentists, barbers, waiters, online servers, a digital book, a digital video game or a digital movie. Taken together, it is the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services which underpins all economic activity and trade.
Theory of value (economics)A theory of value is any economic theory that attempts to explain the exchange value or price of goods and services. Key questions in economic theory include why goods and services are priced as they are, how the value of goods and services comes about, and—for normative value theories—how to calculate the correct price of goods and services (if such a value exists). A major question that has eluded economists since the earliest of publications was one of price.